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2013, Número 2

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2013; 19 (2)


¿La medición convencional de presión arterial resulta idónea para el diagnóstico y clasificación de la Hipertensión Arterial?

Armas RNB, Dueñas HA, de la Noval GR, Acosta GM, Yong MCA, García RT

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 59
Paginas: 101-106
Archivo PDF: 362.19 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Resulta controversial llegar al diagnóstico de HTA por depender de las cifras de presión arterial obtenidas utilizando la toma convencional en el consultorio médico. En los últimos 30 años se ha incrementado el uso de otros métodos para mejorar la veracidad del diagnóstico de HTA tales como: mediciones múltiples en un solo día y las realizadas por el propio paciente o por un familiar fuera del consultorio médico, pudiendo reducir el Efecto Bata Blanca, la HTA de Bata Blanca o la HTA Enmascarada.
Métodos: Realizamos una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema en cuestión.
Resultados: Aunque se plantea que la regla de oro es el Monitoreo ambulatorio de la presión arterial por informarnos sobre la variabilidad circadiana, aún se discute cual método utilizar para minimizar los errores diagnósticos, por ser este último muy costoso. La prevalencia de HTA de Bata Blanca varía de 12 % a 53,2 % y la de HTA Enmascarada entre el 10% y el 50% según reportan diferentes estudios.
Conclusiones: Los métodos actuales de medición de la presión arterial están influidos por múltiples variables que pueden falsear la cifra determinada, por lo cual es una gran responsabilidad médica hacer un diagnóstico correcto de la HTA. El diagnóstico de HTA utilizando la toma convencional es el método más utilizado y fácil de realizar, pero debe complementarse con el uso de la toma múltiple en un solo día, la automedición de la presión arterial o el monitoreo ambulatorio de PA 24 horas de ser posible.


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