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2013, Número 1

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AMC 2013; 17 (1)


Lesiones del cartílago de la rodilla

Álvarez LA, García LY, López LG, López LM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 103-113
Archivo PDF: 169.81 Kb.


RESUMEN

Fundamento: las lesiones del cartílago de la rodilla producen en los enfermos dolor y pérdida de la capacidad funcional de manera progresiva. El tratamiento de esta enfermedad es difícil, debido a la poca capacidad biológica de los cartílagos para su cicatrización. Desarrollo: se revisaron más de 300 artículos sobre el tema, de ellos 44 de los últimos cinco años. Se discutieron los aspectos relacionados con las características propias de los enfermos que presentan lesiones del cartílago y cómo decidir o sugerir las variantes de tratamientos según los factores propios de la lesión y del enfermo. Se abordaron técnicas tales como: el desbridamiento artroscópico, el injerto autólogo de condrocitos asociados a andamios y matrices sintéticas, en cada caso se analizaron las ventajas y desventajas, así como las indicaciones específicas de cada procedimiento, basado en los reportes de la literatura internacional. Conclusiones: el tratamiento de pacientes con lesiones del cartílago depende de varios factores, entre los que se conjugan los propios del enfermo y la preparación del médico. La intervención oportuna y efectiva en pacientes con esta enfermedad disminuye los síntomas y signos, además de la necesidad de utilizar técnicas quirúrgicas más complejas.


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