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2013, Número 5

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Salud Mental 2013; 36 (5)


Spanish version of the Psychosis Attachment Measure: adaptation process and psychometric properties

Sheinbaum T, Berry k, Barrantes-Vidal N

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 403-409
Archivo PDF: 260.99 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción:Recientemente se ha postulado a la teoría del apego como un marco conceptual de gran utilidad para mejorar la comprensión del papel de los factores psicosociales y ambientales en relación con la vulnerabilidad, expresión y curso evolutivo de la psicosis. En este artículo presentamos la adaptación española y las propiedades psicométricas de la Psychosis Attachment Measure (PAM), una escala de 16 reactivos diseñada para medir el apego adulto en población con psicosis.
Método:En el estudio 1, la PAM se adaptó al español siguiendo la metodología de traducción/retrotraducción y se administró a 24 pacientes con psicosis temprana para evaluar su comprensión del instrumento. En el estudio 2 se analizaron sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra de 235 estudiantes universitarios. Los estudiantes completaron la PAM y el Cuestionario de Relación (RQ) a través de una página de Internet.
Resultados: Los resultados del estudio 1 demostraron que la adaptación del instrumento es conceptual y semánticamente equivalente a la versión original en inglés y que es apropiada para usarse en personas que presentan síntomas psicóticos. Replicando los hallazgos obtenidos con la medida original, los resultados del estudio 2 indicaron que dos factores, que conceptualmente representan ansiedad y evitación, subyacen a la versión española de la PAM. Las subescalas de ansiedad y evitación mostraron tener una consistencia interna adecuada, así como estar asociadas de forma teóricamente coherente con los cuatro prototipos de apego medidos con el RQ.
Discusión:La escala presenta unas propiedades psicométricas adecuadas, lo cual apoya su utilización para la evaluación de los estilos de apego adulto en el contexto cultural español y hace posible la comparación de resultados obtenidos en diferentes culturas. Disponer de un instrumento en español para evaluar el apego en población con psicosis es una aportación relevante que abre nuevos panoramas en ámbitos clínicos y de investigación.


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