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2013, Número 4

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2013; 60 (4)


Nuevas observaciones sobre el espectro polar de la lepra humana. Tipos clínicos, histopatología, inmunología

Carrada BT

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 127
Paginas: 205-223
Archivo PDF: 1252.17 Kb.


RESUMEN

La lepra es una infección granulomatosa crónica de la piel y los nervios periféricos, causada por Mycobacterium leprae. El diagnóstico clínico de la lepra debería ser considerado cuando se observe la presencia de lesiones cutáneas con trastornos de la sensibilidad. Con la investigación imunológica, los métodos clásicos de la bacteriología e histopatología, la micobacteriología molecular y la clasificación propuesta por Ridley-Jopling (RJ), se reconoció que formas clínicas diversas no son entidades separadas, sino partes de un espectro vasto que recorre desde el polo tuberculoide (TT) más localizado e hiperérgico a través de los tipos intermedios-dimorfos (BB), hasta el polo opuesto lepromatoide (LL) generalizado y enérgico. Los episodios “reaccionales” son todavía una complicación grave, pero con la disponibilidad terapéutica de la talidomida y la clofazimina para apagar el eritema nodoso leproso, se ha logrado mejorar el pronóstico. Esta revisión presenta los avances recientes de la clínica y la patogenia de la enfermedad.


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