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2013, Número 9

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Arch Med Actual Trac Gen Inf 2013; 5 (9)


Neoplasia intraepitelial anal

Ojeda OJ, Ojeda PJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 824.60 Kb.


RESUMEN

La Neoplasia Intraepitelial Anal (NIA) es una entidad con incidencia y evolución natural poco conocidas dado que no existe un programa de tamizaje organizado. Los estudios relevantes hechos en Estados Unidos de Norteamérica se han enfocado al Hombre Sexo con Hombre ( HSH) y el terreno de la mujer susceptible de desarrollar NIA ha sido poco explorado.
Los ensayos realizados a través de identificar los factores de riesgo, citología anal, anoscopia de alta resolución, corroboración histológica en esta población han arrojado estos resultados.
Se ha adoptado al sistema Bethesda para la interpretación citológica y la clasificación de Bajo y Alto y bajo para la histología.
Las pruebas moleculares juegan un papel importante sobre todo cuando hay infecciones por múltiples virus. Las modalidades de tratamiento de las lesiones de alto grado no ha alcanzado las cifras óptimas, tal vez con laser Co2 bajo anestesia regional pueda mejorar las cifras de curación.
El entrenamiento formal de los colposcopistas del país es necesario para valorar a las mujeres en riesgo de NIA. La interacción del grupo multidisciplinario del colposcopista con el colo-proctólogo, dermatólogo, biólogo molecular y anatomopatólogo fortalecerán el diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta entidad.
Las vacunas contra Virus del papiloma humano parecen tener un futuro prometedor tanto en mujeres como en hombre. Se requiere de un estudio metacéntrico en México para aportar al mundo la gran experiencia de los colposcopistas de nuestro país.


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