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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2013, Número 3

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2013; 14 (3)


Alteraciones de los movimientos oculares sacádicos en las enfermedades poliglutamínicas

Rodríguez-Labrada R, Velázquez-Pérez L

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 65
Paginas: 150-158
Archivo PDF: 250.01 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las enfermedades poliglutamínicas comprenden un conjunto de desórdenes neurodegenerativos causados por la expansión del número de repeticiones del trinucleótido citosina-adenina-guanina (CAG) en regiones codificables de genes específicos. Unas de las principales manifestaciones fenotípicas de estas entidades son las alteraciones de los movimientos oculares sacádicos. Estos movimientos permiten cambiar, de manera rápida y precisa, la atención de un objeto en la escena visual hacia otro, sin perturbar la agudeza visual. Su generación depende de un extenso circuito corticosubcortical y han sido ampliamente utilizados como herramientas en investigaciones clínicas y básicas del SNC. En el presente trabajo se realiza una actualización del conocimiento sobre las alteraciones de los movimientos oculares sacádicos en las enfermedades poliglutamínicas, haciendo énfasis en su utilidad para el diagnóstico y la identificación de biomarcadores. En conclusión, las alteraciones sacádicas en las enfermedades poliglutamínicas reflejan la vulnerabilidad de este sistema oculomotor a las expansiones de CAG. Su estudio permite identificar parámetros útiles para el diagnóstico temprano, así como biomarcadores para la evaluación de terapias. Sin embargo, se necesitan otros estudios para profundizar en la fisiopatología de estas alteraciones.


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