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2013, Número 4

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Revista Cubana de Salud Pública 2013; 39 (4)


Estrategias para la prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1

Licea PME, González CTM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas:
Archivo PDF: 200.31 Kb.


RESUMEN

La diabetes mellitus tipo 1, muestra una fase progresiva crónica prolongada y predecible en la actualidad en la mayoría de los individuos. Los recientes avances en la comprensión de la etiología autoinmune de la diabetes tipo 1, justifican la aplicación de novedosos métodos de intervención inmunológicos. El propósito de este trabajo es revisar los aspectos más relevantes en relación con la prevención de la diabetes mellitus tipo I y las posibles estrategias. Las medidas de intervención incluyen métodos inmunológicos: deprivación de proteínas de origen bovino, plasmaféresis, insulinoterapia temprana, administración de insulina y de antígeno GAD por vía oral; empleo de agentes inmunosupresores, inmunomoduladores o inmunoterapias semiespecíficas. Se ha utilizado tratamientos no inmunológicos: empleo de medicamentos antinflamatorios no esteroideos o antioxidantes, previo al inicio de la intolerancia a la glucosa y de la presencia de complicaciones vasculares. En la actualidad, se están realizando diferentes ensayos sobre posibles tratamientos preventivos de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1, aunque ninguno de ellos muestra seguridad y eficacia de forma convincente, el empleo racional de nuevos y potentes medicamentos inmunosupresores o inmunomodulares, constituye un atractivo proceder en la verdadera prevención del desarrollo y progresión del proceso autoinmunológico que caracteriza a esta enfermedad en individuos considerados de alto riesgo.


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