2005, Número 5
Parámetros de práctica para el manejo del dolor agudo
Guevara-López U, Covarrubias-Gómez A, Hernández-Ortiz A
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 65
Paginas: 393-404
Archivo PDF: 165.99 Kb.
RESUMEN
El dolor agudo es un padecimiento común en el ámbito hospitalario. Debido a la complejidad que representa su manejo, resulta importante contar con parámetros de práctica que asistan al personal médico y paramédico sobre la toma de decisiones en este rubro. En México y diversos países se han formado grupos de consenso que han generado recomendaciones para lograr este objetivo. Este reporte presenta los resultados de un grupo multidisciplinarlo de especialistas que exploraron mediante encuesta el estado que guarda el manejo del dolor agudo en el país, a la vez de analizar la evidencia científica contenida en la literatura y proponer los presentes parámetros de práctica.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Ridgway D. Analgesics for acute pain. Meeting the United States Food and Drug Administration’s requirements for proof efficacy. Clin J Pain 2004;20:123-132.
2. Gan TJ, et al. Patient preferences for acute pain treatment. Br J Anaesth 2004;92:681-688.
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists. Task Force on Acute Pain Management. Practice Guidelines for Acute Pain Management in the Perioperative Setting. Anesthesiology 1995;82:1071-1081.
4. American Society of Anesthesiologists. An Updated Report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Acute Pain Management. Practice Guidelines for Acute Pain Management in the Perioperative Setting. Anesthesiology 2004;100:1573-1581.
5. Guevara-López U, Moyao-García D. Parámetros de práctica para el manejo del dolor agudo perioperatorio. Rev Mex Anestesiol 2002;25:277-288.
6. National Health and Medical Research Council. Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence. NHMRC, Canberra, Australia;1999.
7. Hayward RSA, et al. User’s guide to medical literature. VII: How to use clinical practice guidelines. A: Are the recommendations valid? JAMA 1995;274:570-574.
8. Wilson MC, et al. User’s guide to medical literature. VII: How to use clinical practice guidelines. B: What are the recommendations and will they help you in caring for your patients? JAMA 1995;274:1630-1632.
9. National Health and Medical Research Council. Guidelines for the Development and Implementation of Clinical Practice Guidelines. NHMRC, Canberra, Australia;1995.
American Pain Society Quality of Care Committee. Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Acute Pain and Cancer Pain [Consensus Statement]. JAMA 1995;264:1874-1880.
Jadad AR, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Contr Clin Trials 1996;17:1-12.
Khan KS, et al. The importance of quality in primary studies producing unbiased systematic reviews. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:661-666.
Merskey H, et al. Pain terms: a list of definitions and notes on usage. Pain 1979;6:249-252.
Merskey H, Bogduk N. Classification of Chronic Pain. Descriptions of Chronic Pain Syndromes and Definitions of Pain Terms. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: IASP Press; pp. 209-214.
Turk DC, Okifuji A. Pain terms and taxonomies of Pain. In Loeser JD, ed. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2001. pp. 17-24.
Ekman EF, Koman LA. Acute pain following musculoskeletal injuries and orthopaedic surgery. J Bone Joint Surg 2004;6:1316-1327.
Ducharme J. Acute pain and pain control [state of the art]. Ann Emerg Med 2000;35:592-603.
Warfield C, Kahn C. Acute pain management: programs in US hospitals and experiences and attitudes among US adults. Anesthesiology 1995;83:1090-1094.
Chapman CR, Syrjala KL. Measurement of pain. In Loeser JD, ed. Bonica’s Management of Pain. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2001: pp. 311-328.
Daut RL, Cleeland CS. The prevalence and severity of pain in cancer. Cancer 1982;50:191-198.
Grossman SA, Benedetti C, Payne R, Syrjala JL. NCCN practice guidelines for cancer pain. Oncology 1999;13(11a):33-44.
Kelly AM. The minimum clinically significant difference in visual analogue scale pain score does not differ with severity of pain. Emerg Med J 2001;18:205-207.
AHCPR. Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Cancer Pain. AHCPR Pub. No. 94-0592. Rockville, MD;1994.
Gillies ML, et al. Postoperative pain assessment and management in adolescents. Pain 1999;79:207-215.
Caraceni A. Evaluation and assessment of cancer pain and cancer treatment. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2001;45:1067-1075.
Gralow I. Cancer pain: an update of pharmacological approaches in pain therapy. Curr Opin Anesthesiol 2002;15:555-561.
Burton AW, Cleeland C. Cancer Pain: Practice Guidelines. MD Anderson Cancer Center. University of Texas;2003.
American Pain Society. Principles of Analgesic Use in the Treatment of Acute Pain and Cancer Pain. 4th ed. Glenview, IL;1999.
McQuay HI, Carroll D, Moore RA. Radiotherapy for painful bone metastasis: a systematic review. Clin Oncol 1994;9:150–154.
Purohit OP, et al. High-dose intravenous pamidronate for metastatic bone pain. Br J Cancer 1994;70:554–558.
Coleman RE, Purohit OP, Vinholes JI. High dose pamidronate: clinical and biochemical effects in metastatic bone disease. Cancer 1997;80:1686–1690.
Ballantyne JC, et al. Comparative efficacy of epidural, intrathecal and intracerebroventricular opioids in patients with pain due to cancer. Reg Anesth 1996;21:542–556.
Cohen SP, et al. Pain management in trauma patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2004;83:142-161.
McQuay HI, et al. Fortnightly review: treating acute pain in hospital. Br Med J 1997;314:1531-1535.
Karmakar MJ, Ho AMH. Acute pain management of patients with multiple fractured ribs. J Trauma 2003;54:615-625.
Bono CM. Low back pain in athletes. J Bone Joint Surg 2004;86:382-396.
Speed C. ABC of rheumatology: low back pain. Br Med J 2004; 328:1119-1121.
Gajraj NM. Cyclooxigenase-2 inhibitors. Anesth Analg 2003; 96:1720-1738.
Royal College of Anaesthetists. Guidelines for the Use of Non-Steroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs in the Perioperative Period. Royal College of Anaesthetists, UK;1998.
Power J, et al. Ketorolac as a component of balanced analgesia after thoracotomy. Br J Anaesth 1994;72:224-226.
Cepeda SM, et al. Comparative analgesic efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia with ketorolac versus morphine after elective intraabdominal operations. Anesth Analg 1995;80:1150-1153.
Pavy TJG, Gambling DR, Merrick PM, et al. Rectal indomethacin potentiates spinal morphine after caesarean delivery. Anaesth Intens Care 1995;23:555-559.
Liu S, et al. Effects of peri-operative analgesic technique on rate of recovery after colon surgery. Anesthesiology 1995;83:757-765.
Power J, Cumming AD, Pugh GC. Effect of diclofenac on renal function and prostacyclin generation after surgery. Br J Anaesth 1992;69:451-456.
Strom BL, et al. Parenteral ketorolac and risk of gastrointestinal and operative site bleeding: a postmarketing survey. JAMA 1996;69:451-456.
Gillis JC, Brogden RN. Ketorolac: a reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pain management. Drugs 1997;53:139-188.
Attard AR, et al. Safety of early pain relief for acute abdominal pain. Br Med J 1992;305:554–556.
Zoltie N, Cust MD. Analgesia in the acute abdomen. Ann R College Surg Engl 1986;68:209-210.
Walden M, Lahtinen J, Elvander E. Analgesic effect and tolerance of ketoprofen and diclofenac in acute ureteral colic. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1993;27:323-325.
Thomas SH. Effects of morphine analgesia on diagnostic accuracy in emergency department patients with abdominal pain: a prospective, randomized trial. J Am Coll Surg 2003;196:18-31.
Larkin GL, et al. Efficacy of ketorolac tromethamine versus meperidine in the ED treatment of acute renal colic. Am J Emerg Med 1999;17:6-10.
Malmivaara A, Hakkinen U, Aro T, et al. The treatment of acute low back pain¾bed rest, exercises, or ordinary activity? N Engl J Med 1995;332:351-355.
Von Korff M, Barlow W, Cherkin D, Deyo RA. Effects of practice style in managing pain. Ann Intern Med 1994;121:187-195.
Vroomen PC, de Krom MC, Wilmink JT, et al. Lack of effectiveness of bed rest for sciatica. N Engl J Med 1999;340:418-423.
Hofstee DJ, Gijtenbeek JM, Hoogland PH, et al. Westeinde sciatica trial: randomized controlled study of bed rest and physiotherapy for acute sciatica. J Neurosurg 2002;96:45-49.
Beurskens AJ, DeVet HC, Koke AJ, et al. Efficacy of traction for non-specific low back pain: a randomised clinical trial. Lancet 1995;346:1596-1600.
Deyo RA, Diehl AK, Rosenthal M. How many days of bed rest for acute low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. N Engl J Med 1986;315:1064-1070.
Van Tulder MW, Jellema P, Van Poppel MN, et al. Lumbar supports for prevention and treatment of low back pain. Cochrane database syst rev 2000;cd001823.
Browning R, Jackson JL, O’Malley PG. Cyclobenzaprine and back pain: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1613-1620.
Turturro MA, Frater CR, D’Amico FJ. Cyclobenzaprine with ibuprofen versus ibuprofen alone in acute myofascial strain: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Ann Emerg Med 2003;41:818-826.
Borenstein DG, Korn S. Efficacy of a low-dose regimen of cycloben-zaprine hydrochloride in acute skeletal muscle spasm: results of two placebo-controlled trials. Clin Ther 2003;25:1056-1073.
Blomberg S, Svardsudd K, Tibblin G. Manual therapy with steroid injections in low back pain. Scand J Prim Health Care 1993;11:83-90.
Blomberg S, Hallin G, Grann K, et al. Manual therapy with steroid injections: a new approach to treatment of low back pain. Spine 1994;19:569-577.
Assendelft WJ, Morton SC, Yu EJ, et al. Spinal manipulative therapy for low back pain. A meta-analysis of effectiveness relative to other therapies. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:871-881.
Andersson GB, Lucente T, Davis AM, et al. A comparison of osteopathic spinal manipulation with standard care for patients with low back pain. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1426-1431.