López FG, Gil A, López-Ibor L, Boto GR, Serna CC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 470-479
Archivo PDF: 263.96 Kb.

RESUMEN

Las malformaciones arteriovenosas cerebrales (MAVc) revelan en su composición vasos con paredes maduras y fenotipos alterados. El alto flujo y el estrés hemodinámico predisponen al reclutamiento vascular, arterialización de las estructuras venosas y gliosis del tejido cerebral adyacente. Su patogénesis se atribuye al desarrollo anómalo del propio sistema vascular cerebral aunque la anomalía responsable o desencadenante continúa siendo un motivo de controversia. Las MAVc son lesiones dinámicas que pueden cambiar con los años y los estudios radiológicos revelan muchos de estos cambios. Los mecanismos moleculares inherentes a su génesis y mantenimiento no están bien esclarecidos. Se ha identificado para las células endoteliales, la existencia de dos sistemas de factores de crecimiento angiogénicos y sus receptores. Estos conocimientos permitirán diseñar estudios mejor estructurados en la búsqueda de evidencias con mayor repercusión en el tratamiento personalizado. Nuevas investigaciones sobre posibles alternativas de tratamiento en el campo molecular serán necesarias.

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