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2013, Número 103

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Rev Enfer Infec Pediatr 2013; 26.27 (103)


Diagnóstico de Metapneumovirus humano. Revisión sistemática de la literatura

Romero FR, Romero FR, Mora MI, Romero CR, González SN

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 137
Paginas: 256-269
Archivo PDF: 328.93 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las infecciones por virus respiratorios son las principales causas de enfermedad y la etiología permanece indeterminada en más de 50% de casos. El metapneumovirus humano (MPVh) es un agente importante en la patología de la vía respiratoria baja en niños. Existen cuatro diferentes tipos de métodos diagnósticos para el MPVh: estudios serológicos, aislamiento del virus por cultivo, detección del RNA por RT-PCR y detección de antígenos. No existe tratamiento específico para MPVh. Existe poca información acerca de la prevalencia de los virus respiratorios. No existe ningún estudio que evalúe el peso individual y en conjunto de las pruebas diagnósticas para búsqueda de virus respiratorios. Este estudio permitirá construir el apartado de antecedentes de un protocolo de investigación sobre diagnóstico de Metapneumovirus humano en niños en el INP de forma prospectiva.
Objetivos. Comparar la utilidad diagnóstica de la PCR, la inmunofluorescencia y la serología contra el cultivo viral en la identificación del Metapneumovirus humano en pacientes pediátricos con infección de vías respiratorias. El tipo de estudio incluido fue la prueba diagnóstica.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron 169 artículos, de los cuales se descartaron 143, y con los restantes se realizó un análisis para la determinación de la heterogeneidad. Se encontraron artículos que comparaban cultivo contra cultivo, inmunofluorescencia conta cultivo, PCR contra cultivo, inmunofluorescencia contra PCR y PCR contra PCR.
Conclusión: La prueba que tiene una mejor utilidad diagnóstica es el cultivo viral, la PCR es una prueba útil ya que muestra adecuada utilidad diagnóstica, pero se requieren más estudios para tener más evidencia.


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