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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2012, Número 2

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2012; 15 (2)


La producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno (EROs) en las mitocondrias de Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Macedo-Márquez A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 43
Paginas: 97-103
Archivo PDF: 365.26 Kb.


RESUMEN

La mitocondria es el principal productor de especies reactivas de oxígeno durante los procesos normales oxidativos del metabolismo, principalmente a través de las reacciones de óxido-reducción que ocurren en los complejos de transferencia de electrones y que tienen al oxígeno como el último aceptor de electrones. De particular interés, Saccharomyces cerevisiae no cuenta con el complejo l y en su lugar se encuentran tres deshidrogenasas alternas; sin embargo, sí contiene los complejos clásicos ll, lll y lV. Los últimos dos complejos (lll y lV) bombean protones al espacio intermembrana para generar un gradiente electroquímico, el cual es utilizado por la ATP sintetasa para la formación de ATP.
Las deshidrogenasas alternas que se encuentran expuestas hacia el espacio intermembrana y el complejo lll, son los componentes principales que generan los radicales superóxido. Para transformar el ión superóxido en un compuesto menos nocivo, la mitocondria contiene enzimas encargadas de convertirlo en moléculas menos reactivas.


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