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Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiología

2002, Número 2

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Microbiología 2002; 44 (2)


Algunos rasgos biológicos de los Mollicutes

José Antonio Rivera-Tapia, María Lilia Cedillo-Ramírez, Constantino Gil Juárez

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 48
Paginas: 53-57
Archivo PDF: 55.29 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los Micoplasmas son un grupo de bacterias que pertenecen a la clase Mollicutes, la cual comprende a los Micoplasmas, Spiroplasmas y Acholeplasmas. Se han descrito 176 especies y se caracterizan por ser los procariontes más pequeños de vida libre que existen, carecen de pared celular, el tamaño de su genoma oscila entre 577 y 2220 kpb, son exigentes desde el punto de vista nutricional y por lo tanto difíciles de cultivar, por lo que el desarrollo de técnicas de biología molecular ha permitido su detección en un mayor número de hospederos. Los Micoplasmas se han asociado a enfermedades agudas y crónicas en animales y el hombre principalmente, mientras que los spiroplasmas se han encontrado en los artrópodos, plantas y flores, causando o no daño. Algunos estudios recientes han mostrado el papel que juegan algunos componentes estructurales de los Micoplasmas en la patogenicidad, tales como proteínas relacionadas con el citoesqueleto y las adhesinas, así como la influencia que tienen ciertas características genéticas en el desarrollo de una enfermedad infecciosa.


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