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2013, Número 1

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Gac Med Mex 2013; 149 (1)


Cirugía de control de daños: una revisión

Camacho AJF, Mascareño JS

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 145
Paginas: 61-72
Archivo PDF: 161.79 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Hacer una revisión monográfica de la cirugía de control de daños. Obtención de la información: Consulta y revisión de la literatura (131 referencias). Selección de los estudios: Se incluyó en la revisión aquellos artículos relevantes en relación con la cirugía de control de daños. Extracción de los datos: De cada referencia se obtuvieron conceptos, datos y técnicas de la cirugía de control de daños. Resultados: La cirugía de control de daños es una técnica quirúrgica que intenta evitar la tríada de coagulopatía, hipotermia y acidosis en los pacientes con múltiples lesiones. Consiste en tres fases, las cuales son: laparotomía inicial, estabilización en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) y cirugía definitiva. Durante la laparotomía inicial se realizan esfuerzos para controlar el sangrado quirúrgico y no quirúrgico (mediante empaquetamiento) y evitar la contaminación peritoneal. En la fase de estabilización se corrigen la hipotermia, la acidosis y la coagulopatía en la UCI. Durante la cirugía definitiva se retira el empaquetamiento y se realiza la reparación definitiva de las lesiones. Conclusión: Es importante el conocimiento de los conceptos del control de daños por todo cirujano de trauma para aplicarlo en pacientes con múltiples traumas o aun en ciertas situaciones de desastre, como los actos de terrorismo y los desastres naturales.


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