2000, Número 3
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Rev Med Hosp Gen Mex 2000; 63 (3)
Talidomida: Una nueva oportunidad
Fernández-Camacho Y, Leon-Dorantes G
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 82
Paginas: 185-191
Archivo PDF: 148.46 Kb.
RESUMEN
La talidomida originalmente se comercializó como un agente sedante desde 1956 en Alemania Oriental y poco tiempo después en otros países. Por no originar alteraciones en la coordinación motora ni en la función respiratoria, rápidamente fue muy popular. En 1961, sin embargo, se reportó focomelia y otras alteraciones congénitas severas por el uso de la talidomida durante el embarazo. Por lo anterior es retirada del mercado y se restringe su uso. No obstante, al emplearse en dos pacientes con eritema nudoso leproso (ENL) que experimentaron una mejoría espectacular, se convirtió en el medicamento de elección para esta condición. Así, en décadas subsecuentes, se empleó en múltiples enfermedades dermatológicas y no dermatológicas en virtud de que se han descubierto diversas acciones biológicas predominantemente inmunomoduladoras, tales como la inhibición del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (FNT-a). Se analizan los principales aspectos farmacológicos, nuevos mecanismos de acción, así como los reportes sobre su uso en enfermedades como el lupus eritematoso, enfermedad de Behçet, prúrigo actínico, estomatitis aftosa, prúrigo nodular, enfermedad de injerto contra huésped e infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), entre otras.
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