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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2012, Número 2

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Arch Neurocien 2012; 17 (2)


Modulación emocional de la memoria: aspectos neurobiológicos

Solís-Vivanco R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 123
Paginas: 119-128
Archivo PDF: 87.69 Kb.


RESUMEN

La investigación en neurociencia desde hace varias décadas ha confirmado que recordamos mejor aquello que se asoció en su momento con una emoción, en especial si ésta producía estrés. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo revisar los hallazgos neurobiológicos más relevantes respecto a la modulación que la emoción tiene sobre la memoria. Se reporta el papel primordial de la amígdala, especialmente del núcleo basolateral (NBLA), así como de las hormonas del estrés noradrenalina y glucocorticoides, sobre la consolidación de eventos emocionales y/o estresantes. Este efecto facilitador, demostrado en estudios de lesión con animales y neuropsicológicos con humanos, se ha observado tanto en la consolidación y evocación de información en la memoria declarativa, como en la potenciación del condicionamiento clásico en la memoria no declarativa, y está mediado por cambios funcionales y morfológicos en la amígdala y otras regiones cerebrales, entre las que destaca el hipocampo. Se concluye la importancia de conocer las bases neurobiológicas de este efecto facilitador por sus implicaciones en la generación de trastornos psiquiátricos relacionados con el estrés.


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