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2012, Número 3

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Rev Mex Anest 2012; 35 (3)


Pasado, presente y futuro de la simulación en Anestesiología

Rubio-Martínez R

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 41
Paginas: 186-191
Archivo PDF: 79.18 Kb.


RESUMEN

En la actualidad, la simulación en medicina ha tomado cada vez más importancia en la educación y evaluación de estudiantes, residentes y médicos especialistas en todo el mundo. La Anestesiología es una especialidad pionera en la creación y utilización de simuladores de alta fidelidad para lograr los objetivos antes mencionados. De la anestesiología nació el concepto de gestión de recursos en crisis (crisis resource management en inglés). El término simulación médica o simulación clínica se refiere a una variedad de modalidades utilizadas para recrear algún componente clínico con el propósito de entrenar o evaluar personas o equipos. Estas modalidades incluyen entrenadores de tareas, realidad virtual, pacientes estandarizados, pacientes virtuales y simuladores de alta fidelidad. El término simulador se refiere al aparato o herramienta que se va a utilizar para recrear la simulación. El término simulación de alta fidelidad se refiere a una recreación realista de una situación clínica. Mayor fidelidad es igual a mayor similitud con la realidad. En este artículo trato de presentar las bases históricas sobre las que se fundamenta el uso de simuladores como los primeros maniquíes para la enseñanza en medicina (Resuci-Anne, Sim One, Harvey), posteriormente hablo sobre algunas referencias científicas que demuestran la validez de esta herramienta y su impacto en la práctica clínica de nuestra especialidad y para terminar, exploro las tendencias que se ven a futuro sobre la utilización de simuladores en Anestesiología.


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