Baizabal-Olarte R, Morales-Buenrostro LE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 64
Paginas: 29-37
Archivo PDF: 190.45 Kb.

RESUMEN

La anemia postrasplante renal (APTR) es una entidad altamente prevalente e infratratada. Su etiología es multifactorial y puede aparecer de forma temprana durante los primeros seis meses postrasplante (incluye factores tales como pérdidas sanguíneas relacionadas con la cirugía, retraso en la función del injerto, déficit de hierro, infecciones, rechazo, etc.) o de manera tardía asociada con la pérdida de función renal y otros factores. El reconocimiento de la APTR requiere de un escrutinio regular y completo, así como de una evaluación meticulosa de los múltiples factores que puedan contribuir a ella. Aún no está claro si la APTR afecta de manera adversa al riesgo cardiovascular, a la sobrevida renal o incremente el riesgo de muerte en los receptores de trasplante renal. Los estudios han demostrado que los agentes estimulantes de la eritropoyesis (AEE) son efectivos en incrementar los niveles de hemoglobina incluso durante el periodo postrasplante temprano. Sin embargo, la evidencia aún no es sólida en cuanto a los desenlaces cardiovasculares, renales y de sobrevivencia del paciente. Lo que sí podemos concluir con la evidencia disponible es que el manejo de la APTR debe ser conservador y que probablemente el empleo de AEE deba limitarse a aquellos pacientes con concentraciones de hemoglobina ‹ 10 g/dL o en quienes presenten síntomas propios de la anemia.

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