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2012, Número 3

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Rev Fac Med UNAM 2012; 55 (3)


Enfermedad vascular cerebral

Arauz A, Ruíz-Franco A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 79
Paginas: 11-21
Archivo PDF: 165.82 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad vascular cerebral (EVC) es un problema de salud pública. De acuerdo con la organización mundial de la salud, la EVC constituye la segunda causa global de muerte (9.7%), de las cuales 4.95 millones ocurren en países con ingresos medios y bajos. Su tasa de recurrencia a 2 años, va del 10 al 22%, pero puede reducirse hasta en 80% con la modificación de factores de riesgo. De no existir intervenciones de prevención adecuadas, se calcula que para el año 2030, su incidencia se incrementará hasta 44%. Datos de la Secretaría de Salud de México muestran que en nuestro país la tasa de mortalidad por EVC se ha incrementado a partir del año 2000, particularmente en menores de 65 años. Durante el 2007 del total de egresos en hospitales públicos el 1% fue atribuido a EVC, mientras que en el 2008, la tasa de mortalidad fue de 28.3/100,000 habitantes.
En la presente revisión se abordan los aspectos más relevantes de los principales tipos de EVC; isquemia, hemorragia intracerebral y hemorragia subaracnoidea.


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