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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2011, Número 4

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Arch Neurocien 2011; 16 (4)


Neurogénesis en el giro dentado del hipocampo: implicaciones para el aprendizaje y la memoria en el cerebro adulto

Nieto-Escamez FA, Moreno-Montoya M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 69
Paginas: 193-199
Archivo PDF: 64.94 Kb.


RESUMEN

Durante los últimos años las neurociencias han mostrado un interés creciente, por los mecanismos de neurogénesis en el cerebro adulto. Una parte de estudios realizados han estado centrados en el posible papel de estas nuevas neuronas sobre los procesos de memoria y aprendizaje. Objetivos: revisar los últimos estudios sobre la posible relación entre neurogénesis en el hipocampo del cerebro adulto y procesos cognitivos como aprendizaje y memoria. Desarrollo: una de las estructuras donde nacen nuevas neuronas a lo largo de la vida es el giro dentado del hipocampo. Es sabido que esta estructura está relacionada con los procesos de memoria y aprendizaje, por lo que se ha sugerido una posible participación de las nuevas neuronas nacidas en el hipocampo adulto a nivel de procesamiento de información. Conclusiones: los datos existentes en la actualidad no proporcionan evidencias claras sobre los procesos cognitivos mediados por las nuevas neuronas generadas en el cerebro adulto. Así, su implicación parece depender en buena medida de las características de la tarea y protocolo experimental utilizado; por tanto, los estudios futuros deberán tener en cuenta estos factores a fin de establecer con mayor certeza la implicación de la neurogénesis en el hipocampo adulto en procesos de memoria y aprendizaje.


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