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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2010, Número 4

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Arch Neurocien 2010; 15 (4)


Efectos del bupropión sobre depresión, ansiedad y abstinencia a nicotina

Hernández-Lozano M, Gutiérrez-García AG, Contreras CM, Alcántara-López MG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 64
Paginas: 260-266
Archivo PDF: 136.43 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los trastornos de ansiedad y depresión tienen alta prevalencia a nivel mundial y notablemente ocurre comorbilidad entre trastornos afectivos y de ansiedad con el consumo de tabaco; en efecto, quienes padecen alteraciones del estado de ánimo son más propensos al tabaquismo. El bupropión es una aminocetona monocíclica (cloropropiofenona) químicamente relacionada con las feniletilaminas, con eficacia demostrada en modelos animales y clínicos como antidepresivo y ansiolítico y, produce menos efectos adversos que otros antidepresivos atípicos e inhibidores selectivos de la recaptura de serotonina. Además, el bupropión es un buen auxiliar en el manejo de la adicción a la nicotina y aunque se requieren más estudios, recién, se ha señalado su posible uso en el tratamiento del déficit de atención. En sus acciones antidepresivas, ansiolíticasy anti-tabaco parece participar la inhibición de la recaptura de dopamina y noradrenalina en neuronas corticales y algunas subcorticales que modulan las emociones. Sin embargo, puede participar en algunas acciones sobre el sistema serotonérgico y en particular en una acción antagonista de los receptores colinérgicos nicotínicos. El objetivo de la presente revisión es analizar la farmacología del bupropión y sus principales estudios preclínicos y clínicos que han dado soporte a su uso como antidepresivo, ansiolítico y anti-tabaco.


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