Salazar MI, Loroño-Pino MA, Farfán-Ale JA, Olson KE, Beaty BJ

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 49
Paginas: 121-135
Archivo PDF: 2967.05 Kb.

RESUMEN

Introducción. La sustitución de genotipos parece jugar un papel crítico en el incremento dramático de las epidemias y la severidad del dengue en Latinoamérica; sin embargo, la información acerca de los determinantes de competencia entre estos genotipos es escasa. La infección productiva en Aedes aegypti puede ser uno de los elementos que condicionen dichas sustituciones. Los virus que infectan de forma más eficiente y se diseminan en los mosquitos tienen mejor probabilidad de ser transmitidos al siguiente hospedero susceptible y pueden, así, tener un potencial epidémico mayor.
Objetivos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron establecer las diferencias en el potencial para infectar al vector de varios aislados virales de la Península de Yucatán, México, así como identificar candidatos moleculares que determinan dichas diferencias fenotípicas.
Materiales y Métodos. Diferentes aislados virales de la Península de Yucatán, México, se caracterizaron in vivo en mosquitos. La infección de los intestinos medios y la diseminación a las glándulas salivales de los mosquitos se determinó por inmunofluorescencia indirecta y los títulos virales por ensayos en placa. El gen de la proteína E (envoltura) y el 3´UTR (región no traducida 3´) se secuenciaron para identificar sustituciones en las secuencias de nucleótidos o aminoácidos que correlacionan con la infección del vector.
Resultados. Ambos genotipos examinados fueron equivalentes en la capacidad para infectar intestinos medios. Sin embargo, ellos difirieron significativamente en su capacidad para diseminarse a las glándulas salivales. Los virus correspondientes al genotipo Americano/Asiático se diseminaron de forma eficientemente en mosquitos Aedes aegypti colectados en México. El análisis de las secuencias del gen de la proteína E y del 3´UTR reveló determinantes moleculares que pueden estar relacionados con los fenotipos observados en la infección del vector.
Conclusiones. El genotipo del VDEN-2 condiciona la capacidad vectorial e impacta las tasas de diseminación hacia tejidos clave como las glándulas salivales en el mosquito. Algunos de los cambios en aminoácidos de la proteína E y nucleótidos en el 3´UTR pudieran estar relacionados con este fenotipo.

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