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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2010, Número 6

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Med Int Mex 2010; 26 (6)


Laringitis por reflujo: ¿mito o realidad?

Remes-Troche JM, Azamar-Jacome AA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 53
Paginas: 573-582
Archivo PDF: 413.35 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico es un trastorno gastrointestinal frecuente que representa una de las causas de consulta más comunes en medicina general y gastroenterología. Está descrito que la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico puede asociarse a manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas como laringitis, tos crónica, odinofagia, escurrimiento nasal posterior y asma. En su fisiopatología se involucran mecanismos directos e indirectos, considerándose al ácido como el agente más nocivo, aunque otras sustancias pueden lesionar las estructuras laríngeas como pepsina, moco y contenidos duodenales. El diagnóstico de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico laríngeo se basa en las respuestas a cuestionarios específicos, laringoscopia y la pHmetría ambulatoria de 2 canales. Independientemente del método diagnóstico empleado, cuando se asume que la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico es causa de síntomas laríngeos, en la actualidad el uso de medicamentos que suprimen el acido (especialmente IBPs) constituye la piedra angular del tratamiento, aunque los resultados clínicos sobre su efectividad son muy controversiales. En la presente revisión se analizan los aspectos más controversiales respecto a la fisiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de las manifestaciones laríngeas de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico.


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