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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2010, Número 5

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Med Int Mex 2010; 26 (5)


Hipotiroidismo

Gómez MGA, BR, Sánchez PV, Segovia PA, Mendoza HCF, Arellano MS

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 57
Paginas: 462-471
Archivo PDF: 275.96 Kb.


RESUMEN

El hipotiroidismo es una endocrinopatía común; su incidencia varía de acuerdo con la edad y sexo; 2% de las mujeres maduras y 0.1 a 0.2% de los hombres lo padecen. El hipotiroidismo resulta de la disminución de la acción de las hormonas tiroideas en los tejidos de la periferia y puede afectar a todos los sistemas del organismo. Las manifestaciones dependen del grado de deficiencia hormonal. El diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo es sencillo; los hallazgos clínicos y los exámenes de laboratorio son la base. Los pacientes con sospecha de hipotiroidismo central requieren estudios de imagen cerebral e hipofisaria. En la mayoría de los pacientes el hipotiroidismo es permanente y debe tratarse por el resto de la vida. Para la terapia de reemplazo hormonal tiroideo se prefiere la forma sintética de la tiroxina. La meta del tratamiento es restaurar el estado eutiroideo determinado por las concentraciones séricas de tirotropina. Este artículo revisa la epidemiologia, etiología, presentación clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento del hipotiroidismo.


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