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2011, Número 1

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2011; 58 (1)


Estrés oxidativo y diabetes mellitus

Jeddú Cruz Hernández, Manuel Emiliano Licea Puig, Pilar Hernández García, Enrique A Abraham Marcel, Marelis Yanes Quesada

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 100
Paginas: 4-15
Archivo PDF: 251.34 Kb.


RESUMEN

Se realizó una revisión acerca de cómo influye el estrés oxidativo en la aparición de las complicaciones crónicas en el sujeto que padece una diabetes mellitus. En la diabetes se produce aumento de la producción de radicales libres del oxígeno y del nitrógeno, fundamentalmente, de lo cual es responsable, en esencia, la hiperglucemia crónica que manifiestan los individuos afectados por esta enfermedad metabólica que, sobre todo, no tienen un control metabólico óptimo, y esto se acompaña además de la disminución de las defensas antioxidantes naturales. Así, las especies reactivas del oxígeno y del nitrógeno afectan a diferentes tejidos y órganos del organismo del diabético y contribuyen a la aparición de la retinopatía, la nefropatía y la neuropatía diabéticas y están implicadas además en la aparición de malformaciones en las gestantes diabéticas pregestacionales. El mejor tratamiento para evitar el aumento del estrés oxidativo en los diabéticos y, en consecuencia, la aparición de complicaciones crónicas, sería el alcance de un control metabólico óptimo, aunque pueden usarse también como terapia algunas sustancias antioxidantes naturales y artificiales.


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