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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2010, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2010; 13 (1)


Producción y características de cutinasas: Una alternativa interesante para biocatálisis a nivel industrial

Castro-Ochoa D, Peña-Montes C, Farrés A

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 89
Paginas: 16-25
Archivo PDF: 112.83 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las cutinasas (EC 3.1.1.74) son enzimas que catalizan la hidrólisis del polímero lipídico cutina, un componente estructural de la cutícula de las plantas. Estas enzimas muestran propiedades catalíticas de esterasas y lipasas, debido a que pueden hidrolizar ésteres solubles y triacilgliceroles, además de las reacciones inversas de síntesis en medios con baja actividad de agua. Esa versatilidad ha promovido su aplicación en áreas como la industria de alimentos, detergentes, producción de biodiesel, degradación enzimática de sustancias tóxicas y polímeros sintéticos. Las cutinasas han sido aisladas principalmente de hongos, siendo la más estudiada la cutinasa de Fusarium solani. Sin embargo, en los últimos años ha habido un mayor interés por la búsqueda de catalizadores con nuevas propiedades, por lo cual se han aislado y estudiado cutinasas en otras fuentes. En este trabajo se analizan la clasificación y estructura de estas enzimas, fuentes y medios de producción, y se profundiza en algunas áreas de aplicación con mayor auge en la actualidad.


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