Jennings-Aburto N, Nava F, Bonvecchio A, Safdie M, González-Casanova I, Gust T, Rivera J

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 141-147
Archivo PDF: 136.78 Kb.

RESUMEN

Objetivo. Cuantificar la actividad física (AF) en niños escolares y describir el entorno escolar relacionado con la AF. Material y métodos. Entre noviembre de 2005 y marzo de 2006 en la Ciudad de México, se realizó observación directa cuantitativa y cualitativa para describir el nivel de AF y el contexto escolar durante recreo y clases de educación física (CEF). Resultados. El recreo y las CEF fueron los únicos espacios en los que se realizó AF. Las CEF se impartieron una vez a la semana y duraron 39.8±10.6 minutos, lo que está por debajo de las recomendaciones internacionales. Se participó en actividades moderadas-vigorosas 29.2±17.8% de las CEF. La dinámica de las CEF no favoreció la AF. Durante el recreo se observó saturación del patio y no se realizaron actividades organizadas ni se utilizaron materiales para promover la AF. Discusión. Se recomienda incrementar la calidad y la cantidad de las CEF y el tiempo dedicado a jugar durante el recreo.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. Olaiz-Fernández G, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy T, Rojas R, Villalpando-Hernández S, Hernández-Avila M, et al. Encuesta nacional de salud y nutrición 2006 2nd ed. Cuernavaca, Mexico: INSP, 2006.

2. Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 2000;320:1240-1243.

3. Rivera JA, Sepulveda-Amor J. Conclusions from the Mexican National Nutrition Survey 1999: translating results into nutrition policy. Salud Publica Mex 2003;45(suppl4):S565-S575.

4. Spielgelman BM, Flier JS. Obesity and the regulation of energy balance. Cell 2001;104:531-543.

5. Roberts S. The role of physical activity in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. Pediatr Nurs 2000;26:33-37.

6. Laing EM, Massoni JA, Nickols-Richardson SM, Modlesky CM, O’Connor PJ, Lewis RD. A prospective study of bone mass and body composition in female adolescent gymnasts. J Pediatr 2002;141:211-216.

7. Schmitz KH, Jacobs DR , Hong CP, Steinberger J, Moran A, Sinaiko AR. Association of physical activity with insulin sensitivity in children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;26:1310-1316.

8. Haugland S, Wold B, Torsheim T. Relieving the pressure? The role of physical activity in the relationship between school-related stress and adolescent health complaints. Res Q Exerc Sport 2003;74:127-135.

9. Twisk JW, Kemper HC, van Mechelen W. Tracking of activity and fitness and the relationship with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;32:1455-1461.

10. Trudeau F, Shephard RJ. Contribution of school programmes to physical activity levels and attitudes in children and adults. Sports Med 2005;35:89-105.

11. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Sports Medicine and Fitness and Committee on School Health. Physical fitness and activity in schools. Pediatrics 2000;105:1156-1157.

12. Simons-Morton BG, Taylor WC, Snider SA, Huang IW, Fulton JE. Observed levels of elementary and middle school children’s physical activity during physical education classes. Prev Med 1994;23:437-441.

13. McKenzie TL, Nader PR, Strikmiller PK, Yang M, Stone EJ, Perry CL, et al. School physical education: effect of the child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health. Prev Med 1996;25:423-431.

14. Heath EM, Coleman KJ. Evaluation of the institutionalization of the coordinated approach to child health (CATCH) in a US/Mexico border community. Health Educ Behav 2002;29:444-460.

15. Doak CM, Visscher TL, Renders CM, Seidell JC. The prevention of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: a review of interventions and programmes. Obes Rev 2006;7:111-136.

16. Flodmark CE, Marcus C, Britton M. Interventions to prevent obesity in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006;30:579-589.

17. Kain J, Uauy R, Albala C, Vio F, Cerda R, Leyton B. School-based obesity prevention in Chilean primary school children: methodology and evaluation of a controlled study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28:483-493.

18. Newes-Adeyi G, Helitzer DL, Caulfield LE, Bronner Y. Theory and practice: applying the ecological model to formative research for a WIC training program in New York State. Health Educ Res 2000;15:283-291.

19. Pope C, Ziebland S, Mays N. Qualitative research in health care: Analyzing qualitative data. BMJ 2000;320:114-116.

20. McKenzie TL, Sallis JF, Nader PR. SOFIT: System for observing fitness instruction time. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 1991;11:195-205.

21. McKenzie TL. SOFIT: System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time Overview and Training Manual. San Diego CA: San Diego State University, 2002.

22. Rowe PJ, Schuldheisz JM, van der Mars H. Measuring physical activity in physical education: validation of the SOFIT direct observation instrument for use with first to eighth grade students. Pediatr Exerc Sci 1997;9:136-149.

23. Pope RP, Coleman KJ, Gonzalez BF, Heath EM. Validating SOFIT during physical education in a predominantly Hispanic community. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;Supp32(5): 328.

24. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical activity and health: a report from the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, 1996.

25. Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Whitt MC, Irwin ML, Swartz AM, Strath SJ, et al. Compendium of physical activities: an update of activity codes and MET intensities. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000;Supp 32(9):498-516.

26. Caspersen CJ, Powel KEl, Christensen GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep 1985;100:126-130.

27. Glaser B, Strauss A. The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. 1st ed. London, England: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968.

28. Administración Federal de Servicios Educativos en el Distrito Federal Dirección General de Educación Física. Dirección General de Planeación, Programación y Evaluación Educativa: Lineamientos para la Organización y Funcionamiento de los Servicios de Educación Física en el Distrito Federal 2006-2007. Mexico City: 2006.

29. National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Moving into the future: national standards for physical education. 2nd ed. Reston VA: National Association for Sport and Physical Education. 2004.

30. Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington DC: National Academics Press, 2002.

31. National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Physical activity for children: a statement of guidelines, 2nd ed. Reston, VA: National Association for Sport and Physical Education. 2004.

32. United States Department of Health and Human Services & United States Department of Agriculture. The dietary guidelines for Americans, 2005 6th ed. Washington DC: United States Department of Health and Human Services & United States Department of Agriculture. 2005.

33. Scruggs PW, Beveridge SK, Eisenman PA, Watson DL, Shultz BB, Ransdell LB. Quantifying physical activity via pedometry in elementary physical education. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003;35:1065-1071.

34. Dirección General de Educación Física. Subsecretaría de Educación Básica. Secretaria de Educación Pública. Programa de Educación Física. 1st ed. ISBN 968-29-6344-3:1994.

35. Council of Physical Education for Children. Physical education is critical to a complete education: a position paper from the National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Reston, VA: Council of Physical Education for Children. 2002.

36. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for school and community programs to promote lifelong physical activity among young people. MMWR 1997;46:12.

37. United States Department of Health and Human Resources & United States Department of Education. Promoting better health for young people through physical activity and sport. Washington DC: United States Department of Health and Human Resources & United States Department of Education. 2000.

38. National Association for the Education of Young Children: The value of school recess and outdoor play. [Consulted Feb 20, 2007]. Available at: http: //www.naeyc.org/ece/1998/08.asp

39. Council of Physical Education for Children. Recess for elementary school students: a position paper from the National Association for Sport and Physical Education. Reston, VA: Council of Physical Education for Children. 2006.