medigraphic.com

2010, Número 2

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Rev Mex Anest 2010; 33 (2)


Recomendaciones para el manejo de bloqueadores neuromusculares en la práctica clínica: Análisis de un grupo de estudio en bloqueadores neuromusculares

Pinzón-Corredor PA, Torres JV, Reyes LE

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 123
Paginas: 88-96
Archivo PDF: 233.24 Kb.


RESUMEN

El uso de bloqueantes neuromusculares es un tema usual en anestesia y cuidado intensivo. Desde las primeras descripciones de su uso clínico, se han comentado tanto sus beneficios como sus potenciales riesgos, elementos que permanecen sin mayores cambios hasta nuestros días. Adicionalmente, la multitud de moléculas, las indicaciones relativas y la falta de adecuados sistemas de monitoría tornan difícil la toma de decisiones. Un grupo de anestesiólogos provenientes de diferentes regiones del país, se ha reunido en un intento por profundizar en este interesante tema de estudio, para así entender y dar un uso racional para estos medicamentos. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de sus conclusiones como un elemento para el mejoramiento de nuestra práctica clínica


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Miller RD. Miller’s Anesthesia 7th edn. Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier Chuchill Livingstone, 2010 chapters 29, 37, 47.

  2. Chacko T, Ledford D. Peri-anesthetic anaphylaxis. Immunol Allergy Clin N Am 2007;27:213-230.

  3. Mertes P, Laxenaire MC, Alla F, et al. Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions occurring during anesthesia in France in 1999-2000. Anesthesiology 2003;99:536-45.

  4. Fisher M, Munro I. Life threatening anaphylactoid reactions to muscle relaxants. Anesth Analg 1983;62:559-64.

  5. Karila C, Brunet-Langot, Labbez F, et al. Anaphylaxis during anesthesia: results of a 12-uear survey at a French pediatric center. Allergy 2005;60:828-34

  6. Rose M, Fisher M. Rocuronium: high risk for anaphylaxis? Br J of Anaesth 2001;86:678-82.

  7. Berg H, Viby-Mogensen J, Mortensen CR, Engbaek J, et al. Residual neuromuscular block is a risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications. A prospective, randomized and blinded study of postoperative pulmonary complications after atracurium, vecuronium and pancuronium. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1997;41:1095-103.

  8. Murphy G, Szokol J, Marymont J, Greenberg S, et al. Residual neuromuscular blockade and critical respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit. Anesth Analg 2008;107:130-7.

  9. Stept WJ, Safar P. Rapid induction-intubation for prevention of gastric-content aspiration. Anesth Analg 1970;49:633-6.

  10. Morris J, Cook TM. Rapid sequence induction: a national survey of practice. Anaesthesia 2001;56:1090-7.

  11. Berlac P, Hyldmo PK, Kongstad P, et al. Pre-hospital airway management: guidelines from a task force from the Scandinavian Society for Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2008;52(7):897-907.

  12. MacManus. Neuromuscular blockers in surgery and intensive care, Part 1. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001;58:2287-2299.

  13. MacManus. Neuromuscular blockers in surgery and intensive care, Part 2. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2001;58:2381-2395.

  14. Nathan N, Odin I. Induction of anesthesia: a guide to drug choice. Drugs 2007;67:701-23.

  15. Begec Z, Demirbilek S, Ozturk E, Erdil F, et al. Remifentanil and propofol for tracheal intubation without muscle relaxant in children: the effects of ketamine. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2009;26:213-7.

  16. Gupta A, KaurR, Malhotra R, Kale S, et al. Comparative evaluation of different doses of propofol preceded by fentanyl on intubating conditions and pressor response during tracheal intubation without muscle relaxants. Paediatr Anaesth 2006;16:339-405.

  17. Taha S, Siddik-Sayyid S, Alameddine M, WakimC, et al. Propofol is superior to thiopental for intubation without muscle relaxants. Can J Anaesth 2005;52:249-253.

  18. Joo HS, Perks WJ, Belo SE. Sevoflurane with remifentanil allows rapid tracheal intubation without neuromuscular blocking agents. Can J Anaesth 2001;48:646–50.

  19. Sztark F, Chopin F, Bonnet A, Cros AM. Concentration of remifentanil needed for tracheal intubation with sevoflurane at 1 MAC in adult patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005;22:919-24.

  20. Min S, Kwak Y, Park S, Kim J, et al. The optimal dose of remifentanil for intubation during sevoflurane induction without neuromuscular blockade in children. Anaesthesia. 2007;62:446-450.

  21. Pery J, Lee J, Sillberg VA, et al. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;16:CD002788.

  22. Larach MG, Brandom BW, Allen GC, et al. Cardiac arrests and deaths associated with malignant hyperthermia in North america from 1987 to 2006: a report from the north american malignant hyperthermia registry of the malignant hyperthermia association of the United States. Anesthesiology 2008;108:603-11.

  23. Burgoyne LL, Anghelescu DL. Intervention steps for treating laryngospasm in pediatric patients. Pediatr Anaesth 2008;18:297-302.

  24. Visvanathan T, Kluger MT. Crisis management during anaesthesia: laryngospasm. Qual Saf Healthcare 2005;14:e3.

  25. Fink BR. The etiology and treatment of laryngeal spasm. Anesthesiology 1956;17:569-577.

  26. Asfhan G, Chohan U, Qamar-Ul-Hoda M, Kamal R. Is there a role of a small dose of propofol in the treatment of laryngeal spasm? Paediatr Anaesth 2002;12:625-628.

  27. Soreide E, Eriksson L, Hirlekar G, Eriksson H, et al. Pre-operative fasting guidelines: an update. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005;49:1041-1047.

  28. Horowitz M, O’Donovan D, Jones KL, Feinle C, Rayner CK, Samsom M. Gastric emptying in diabetes: clinical significance and treatment. Diabet Med 2002;19:177-94.

  29. Read NW, Houghton LA. Physiology of gastric emptying and pathophysiology of gastroparesis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1989;18:359-73.

  30. Petring OU, Blake DW. Gastric emptying in adults: an overview related to anaesthesia. Anaesth Intensive Care 1993;21:774-81.

  31. Levy DM, Williams OA, Magides AD, Reilly CS. Gastric emptying is delayed at 8-12 weeks’ gestation. Br J Anaesth 1994;73:237-8.

  32. Whitehead EM, Smith M, Dean Y, O’Sullivan G. An evaluation of gastric emptying times in pregnancy an the puerperium. Anaesthesia 1993;48:53-7.

  33. Baghai TC, Moller HJ. Electroconvulsive therapy and its different indications Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2008;10:105-17.

  34. Naguib M, Koorn R. Interactions between psychotropics, anaesthetics and electroconvulsive therapy: implications for drug choice and patient management. CNS Drugs 2002;16:229-47.

  35. Wargner KJ, Mollengerg O, Rentrop M, et al. Guide to anaesthetic selection for electroconvulsive therapy. CNS Drugs 2005;19:745-58.

  36. Zhengnian D, White PF. Anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy. Anesth Analg 2002;94:1351-64

  37. Weawatganon T, Kyokong O, Charuluxanan S, et al. Muscular injury after succinylcholine and electroconvulsive therapy. Anesth Analg 2004;98:1676-9.

  38. Hagberg C. Benumof’s airway Management, 2nd Edition. Mosby 2007.

  39. Benumof JL. The ASA difficult airway algorithm: new thoughts/considerations. In: Annual refresher course lectures. Dallas: American Society of Anesthesiologists, 1999;134:17.

  40. Koerber J, Roberts G, Whitaker R, Thorpe C. Variation in rapid sequence induction techniques: current practice in Wales. Anaesthesia 2009;64:54-59.

  41. Karcioglu O, Arnold J, Topacoglu H, Ozucelik DN, et al. Succinylcholine or rocuronium? A meta-analysis of the effects on intubation conditions. Int J Clin Pract 2006;60:1638-46.

  42. Perry J, LeeJ, Wells G. Are intubation conditions using rocuronium equivalent to those using succinylcholine? Acad Emerg Med 2002;9:813-23.

  43. Larsen PB, Hansen EG, Jacobsen LS, Wiis J, et al. Intubation conditions after rocuronium or succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction with alfentanil and propofol in the emergency patient. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2005;22:748-53.

  44. Sluga M, Ummenhofer W, Studer W, Siegemund M, et al. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction of anesthesia and endotracheal intubation: a prospective, randomized trial in emergent cases. Anesth Analg 2005;101:1356-61.

  45. Lysakowski C, Suppan L, Czarnetzki C, Tassonyi E, et al. Impact of the intubation model on the efficacy of rocuronium during rapid sequence intubation: systematic review of randomized trials. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007;51:848-57.

  46. Thomas M, Heike K, Schreiber J, Echternach M, et al. Rocuronium is not associated with more vocal cord injuries than succinylcholine after rapid-sequence induction: A randomized, prospective, controlled trial. Anesth Analg 2006;102:943-949.

  47. Jeevendra J, Fukushima Y, Chon JY, Yang H. Muscle relaxants in burns, trauma, and critical illness. Intern Anesth Clinics 2006;44:123-144.

  48. Gronet GA. Cardiac arrest after succinylcholine. Anesthesiology 2001;94:523-529.

  49. Han TH, Martyn JA. Onset and effectiveness of rocuronium for rapid onset of paralysis in patients with major burns: priming or large bolus. Br J Anaesth 2009;102:55-60.

  50. Martyn J, Richtsfeld M. Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms states. Anesthesiology 2006;104:158-69.

  51. Rosenblatt W. Decision making in airway evaluation. ASA Refresher courses in anesthesiology. 2004;32:179-186.

  52. Naguib M, Kopman A, Ensor J. Neuromuscular monitoring and postoperative residual curarization: a meta-analysis. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007;98:302-16.

  53. Mylrea K, Hameroff S, Calkins J, et al. Evaluation of peripheral nerve stimulators and relationship to possible errors in assessing neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiology 1984;60:464-6.

  54. Waterson CK, Calkins JM, Watt RC, Mylrea KC, et al. Preventing anesthetic mishaps: are we monitoring the right variables? Anesthesiology 1986;V65:3A.

  55. Murphy G, Szokol J, Marymont J, et al. Intraoperative acceleromyographic monitoring reduces the risk of residual neuromuscular blockade and adverse respiratory events in the postanesthesia care unit. Anesthesiology 2008;109:389-98.

  56. Baillard C, Clec′h C, Catineau J, et al. Postoperative residual neuromuscular block: a survey of management. Br J Anaesth 2005;95:622-6.

  57. Murphy G, Szokol J, Marymont J, et al. Residual paralysis at the time of tracheal extubation. Anesth Analg 2005;100:1840-5.

  58. Fuchs-Burder T, Claudius C, Skovgaard L, Vigy Mogensen J, et al. Good clinical research practice in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents II: the Stockholm revision. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007;51:789-808.

  59. Murphy G. Residual neuromuscular blockade incidence, assessment and relevance in the postoperative period. Minerva Anesthesiol 2006;72:97-109.

  60. Kison D, Schmith V, Wargin W, et al. Importance of the organ-independent elimination of cisatracurium. Anesth Analg 1996;83:1065-71.

  61. Cammu G, Baerdemaeker L, Blauwen N, et al. Postoperative residual curarization with cisatracurium and rocuronium infusions. Eur J Anesthesiol 2002;19:129-134.

  62. Arain S, Kern S, Ficke D, et al. Variability of duration of action of neuromuscular drugs in elderly patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005;49:312-315.

  63. Dahaba A, Perelman S, Moskowitz D, Bennett H, et al. Geographic regional differences in rocuronium bromide dose–response relation and time course of action an overlooked factor in determining recommended dosage. Anesthesiology 2006;104:950-3.

  64. Karynn I, Pharm B. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a 0.1 mg/kg dose of cisatracurium besylate in children during N2O/O2/propofol anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2006;102:738-43.

  65. Capron F, Alla F, Hottier C, et al. Can acceleromyography detect low levels of residual paralysis? A probability approach to detect a mechanomyographic train-of-four ratio of 0.9. Anesthesiology 2004;100:1119-24.

  66. Claudius C, Viby-Mogensen J. Acceleromyography for use in scientific and clinical practice. Anesthesiology 2008;108:1117-40.

  67. Pino R. Residual neuromuscular blockade: A persistent clinical problem. Intern Anesth Clinics 2006;44:77-90.

  68. Eriksson LI. Evidence-based practice and neuromuscular monitoring. Anesthesiology 2003;98:1037-9.

  69. Murphy G, Szokol J, Joseph W. Monitoring neuromuscular blockade. Intern Anesth Clinics 2004;42:25-40.

  70. Hemmerling T, Nhien L. Neuromuscular monitoring: an update for the clinician. Can J Anesth. 2007;54:58-72.

  71. Hassan A, Savarese J. Monitoring of neuromuscular function. Anesthesiology 1976;45:216-249.

  72. Kopman A. Measurement and monitoring of neuromuscular blockade. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2002;15:415-420.

  73. Viby-Mogensen J. Neuromuscular monitoring. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2001;14:655-659.

  74. Debaene B, Plaud B, Dilly M, et al. Residual paralisis in the PACU alter a single intubating dose of nondepolarizing muscle relaxant with an intermediate duration of action. Anesthesiology 2003;98:1042-8.

  75. Baurain M, Hennart D, Godschalx A, et al. Visual evaluation of residual curarization in anesthetized patients using one Hundred-Hertz, five-second tetanic stimulation at the adductor pollicis muscle. Anesth Analg 1998;87:185-9.

  76. Eikermann M, Groeben H, Husing J, et al. Accelerometry of adductor pollicis muscle predicts recovery of respiratory function from neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiology 2003;98:1333-7.

  77. Debaene B, Beaussier M, Meistelman C, et al. Monitoring the onset of neuromuscular block at the orbicularis oculi can predict good intubating conditions during atracurium-induced neuromuscular block. Anesth Analg 1995;80:360-3.

  78. Viby-Mogensen J, Howardy-Hansen P, Chraemmer-Jorgensen B, Ording H, Engbaek J, Nielsen A. Posttetanic count (PTC): a new method of evaluating an intense nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiology 1981;55:458-61.

  79. Muchhal KK, Viby-Mogensen J, Fernando PUE, et al. Evaluation of intense neuromuscular blockade caused by vecuronium using post-tetanic count (PTC). Anesthesiology. 1987;66:846-850.

  80. Mohammad I, El-Orbanby, Ninos J, et al. The Relation of Posttetanic Count and Train-of-four responses during recovery from intense cisatracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade. Anesth Analg 2003;97:80-4.

  81. Samet A, Capron F, Alla F, et al. Single acceleromyographic train-of-four, 100-Hertz tetanus or double-burst stimulation: Wich test performs better to detect residual paralysis? Anesthesiology 2005;102:51-6.

  82. Capron F, Fortier L, Racine S, et al. Tactile fade detection with hand or wrist stimulation using train-of-four, double-burst stimulation, 50-Hz tetanus, 100-Hz tetanus, and acceleromyography. Anesth Analg 2006;102:1578-84.

  83. Baillard C, Bourdiau S, Le Toumelin P, et al. Assessing residual neuromuscular blockade using acceleromyography can be deceptive in Postoperative awake patients. Anesth Analg 2004;98:854-7.

  84. Eikermann M, Blobner M, Groeben H, et al Postoperative upper airway obstruction after recovery of the train of four ratio of the adductor pollicis muscle from neuromuscular blockade. Anesth Analg 2006;102:937-42.

  85. Eikermann M, Groeben H, Bunten B, et al. Fade of pulmonary function during Residual neuromuscular blockade. Chest 2005;127:1703-1709.

  86. Baurain M, Hoton F, Dernovoi B, et al. Influence and relative sensitivities of 50-Hz and 100-Hz tetanic stimulation and subsequent tetanic fade ratios in patients receiving vecuronium. Anesth Analg 1996:139-42.

  87. Hassan A, Savarese J, Lebowitz P, et al. Twitch, tetanus and train-of-four as indices of recovery from nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiology 1981;54:294-297.

  88. Drenck N, Ueda N, Olsen N, et al. Manual evaluation of residual curarization using burst stimulation: A comparison with train-of-four. Anesthesiology 1989;70:578-581.

  89. Hassan A. Criteria of adequate clinical recovery from neuromuscular block. Anesthesiology 2003;98:1278-80.

  90. Kopman A, Kumar S, Klewicka M, Neuman G, The staircase phenomenon implications for monitoring of neuromuscular transmission. Anesthesiology 2001;95:403-7.

  91. Kopman A, Zank L, Ng J. Antagonism of cisatracurium and rocuronium block at a tactile train-of-four count of 2: Should quantitative assessment of neuromuscular function be mandatory? Anesth Analg 2004;98:102-6.

  92. Heier T, Caldwell J. Impact of hypothermia on the response to neuromuscular blocking drugs. Anesthesiology 2006;104:1070-80.

  93. Gehr LC, Sessler CN. Neuromuscular blockade in the intensive Care Unit. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2001;22:175-88.

  94. Jellish W, Brody M, Sawicki K, Slogoff S. Recovery from neuromuscular blockade after either bolus and prolonged infusions of cisatracurium or rocuronium using either isoflurane or propofol-based anesthetics. Anesth Analg 2000;91:1250-5.

  95. Nguyen T, Stevens R, Mirski M, et al. Neuromuscular blockade in critically ill patients. Contemporary critical care 2006;3:1-10.

  96. Latronico N, Shehu I, Seghelini E. Neuromuscular sequelae of critical illness. Curr Opin Crit Care 2005;11:381-390.

  97. Maramattom BV, Wijdicks EF. Acute neuromuscular weakness in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2006;34:2835-2841.

  98. Rocca D, Pompei L, Coccia, et al. Atracurium, cisatracurium, vecuronium and rocuronium in patient with renal failure. Minerva Anestesiol 2003;69:605-15.

  99. Haolin MA, Xinliang Z. Selection of neuromuscular blocking agents in patients undergoing renal transplantation under general anesthesia. Chinese Medical Journal 2002;115:1692-1696.

  100. Carmona GA, Peleteiro PA, Jiménez de la FC, et al. Anesthesia with propofol, remifentanil and cisatracurium in renal transplantation. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2003;50:356-9.

  101. Robertson E, Driessen J, Vogt M, De Boer H, et al. Pharmacodynamics of rocuronium 0.3 mgkg_1 in adult patients with and without renal failure. Eu J Anaesthesiol 2005;22:929-932.

  102. Weng X, Zhou L, Fu Y, et al. Doses requirements of continuous infusion of rocuronium and atracurium throughout orthotopic liver transplantation in humans. J Zhejiang Univ SCI 2005;6B:869-872.

  103. De Wolf AM, Freeman JA, Scott VL, Tullock W, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing liver transplantation. Br J Anaesth 1996;76:624-8.

  104. Cammu G, Bossuyt G, De Baerdemaeker L, et al. Dose requirements and recovery profile of an infusion of cisatracurium during liver transplantation. J Clin Anesth. 2002;14:135-9.

  105. Beemer G, Bjorksten A, Crankshaw D, et al. Atracurium dosage based on lean body mass: A prospective evaluation. Anesthesiology 1989;71(3A).

  106. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00540085?term=pharmacodynamic+trial+on+rocuronium+in+obese+patients&rank=1 (marzo 2009).

  107. Cooper M, Bateman S. Cisatracurium in weakening doses assists in weaning from sedacion and withdrawal following extended use of inhaled isoflurane. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2007;8:58-60

  108. Reich D, Hollinger I, Harrington D, et al. Comparison of cisatracurium and vecuronium by infusion in neonates and small infants after congenital heart. Anesthesiology 2004;101:1122-7.

  109. Burmester M, Mok Q. Randomized controlled trial comparing cisatracurium and vecuronium infusions in a paediatric intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2005;31:686-692.

  110. Reich D, Hollinger I, Harrington D, et al. Comparison of Cisatracurium and vecuronium by infusion in newborns and small infants alter congenital heart surgery. Anesthesiology 2004;101:1122-7.

  111. Ruiter J, Crawford M. Dose-response relationship and infusion requirement of cisatracurium besylate in infants and children during nitrous oxide-narcotic anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2001;94:790-2.

  112. Reynolds S, Heffner JJ. Airway management of the critically ill patient rapid-sequence intubation. Chest 2005;127:1397-1412.

  113. Murray M, Cowen J, DeBlock H, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for sustained neuromuscular blockade in the adult critically ill patient. Crit Care Med 2002;30:142-156.

  114. Gainnier M, Roch A, Forel J, Thirion X, et al. Effect of neuromuscular blocking agents on gas exchange in patients presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2004;32:113-9.

  115. Forel J, Roch A, Marin VV, et al. Neuromuscular blocking agents decrease inflammatory response in patients presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2006;34:2749-57.

  116. Booij LH. Is succinylcholine appropriate or obsolete in the intensive care unit? Crit Care 2001;5:245-6.

  117. Testelmans D, Maes K, Wouters P, Gosselin N, et al. Rocuronium exacerbates mechanical ventilation–induced diaphragm dysfunction in rats. Crit Care Med 2006;34:3018-23.

  118. Fletcher S, Kennedy D, Ghosh I, et al. UCI Persistent neuromuscular and neurophysiologic abnormalities in long-term survivors of prolonged critical illness. Crit Care Med 2003;31:1012-16.

  119. Mendez-Tellez P, Dorman T. Long-term outcomes of ICU-Acquired neuromuscular abnormalities. Contemporary Critical Care 2005;3:1-12.

  120. Baumann M, McAlpin W, Brown K, et al A Prospective randomized comparison of train-of-four monitoring and clinical assessment during continuous ICU cisatracurium paralysis. Chest 2004;126:1267-1273.

  121. Naguib M, Flood P, McArdle J, Brenner H. Advances in neurobiology of the neuromuscular junction: Implications for the anesthesiologist. Anesthesiology 2002;96:202-31.

  122. O’Neill GN. Acquired disorders of the neuromuscular junction. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2006;44:107-21.

  123. Inherited disorders of the neuromuscular junction. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2006;44:91-106.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com