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2003, Número 3

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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 2003; 16 (3)


Pasado, presente y futuro de las técnicas diagnósticas de tuberculosis

Zenteno CR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 42
Paginas: 181-186
Archivo PDF: 60.54 Kb.


RESUMEN

Con 10 millones de nuevos casos y 3 millones de muertes cada año, la tuberculosis se mantiene como una de las enfermedades infecto-contagiosas de mayor impacto en la salud pública del mundo y requiere, de acuerdo a las entidades responsables de salud, una atención inmediata. Hasta ahora, los programas nacionales y globales de lucha contra la tuberculosis se han centrado en dos grandes rubros: 1) la identificación de individuos baciloscopico-positivos y, 2) su incorporación a programas de administración estrictamente supervisada de fármacos. Si bien tales estrategias han permitido controlar y disminuir el número de casos, no está claro el papel que los sistemas de diagnóstico tradicionales tendrán para identificar pacientes baciloscópico negativos, con tuberculosis extrapulmonar y con infección latente, por lo que es importante empezar a cuestionar el futuro papel de los sistemas tradicionales de diagnóstico dentro de las estrategias a mediano y largo plazo de control y eliminación de la tuberculosis. El objetivo principal de esta revisión es describir y evaluar las técnicas convencionales, las nuevas propuestas para el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis, y su necesidad de incorporarse en los futuros programas de control y eliminación.


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