medigraphic.com
ISSN 2594-1518 (Digital)
ISSN 1405-0099 (Impreso)

2009, Número 2

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Cir Gen 2009; 31 (2)


Helicobacter pylori, patología gástrica y cirugía. Descubrimiento que mereció el Premio Nobel en Medicina 2005

Montalvo-Javé EE, Montalvo-Arenas CE, Ortega-León LH, Pena-Sánchez J, Valdés RA, Martínez GA, Abdo-Francis JM, Bernal-Sahagún F

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 71
Paginas: 115-124
Archivo PDF: 75.01 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Proporcionar una revisión actualizada de la literatura en relación a la infección por Helicobacter pylori (Hp), abordando los aspectos etiológicos, inmunológicos y su relación clínica con el diagnóstico, prevalencia, tratamiento y patología gástrica.
Sede: Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y los Servicios de Cirugía General y Gastroenterología del Hospital General de México.
Diseño: Trabajo de revisión.
Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica empleando las bases de datos de Medline, Index- Medicus, PubMed y Artemisa, se incluyeron 71 artículos relevantes publicados en relación al tema, con mayor énfasis de 2004 a 2008.
Resultados: Hp es una bacteria gram-negativa, de forma bacilar que coloniza primariamente la mucosa gástrica humana, representa un problema de salud pública mundial, su impacto en la medicina moderna ha sido relevante desde su descubrimiento, en 1984, y su presentación como infección gastrointestinal asociada, desde la edad pediátrica, y con mayor prevalencia en adultos. Existe una estrecha relación entre esta infección y el desarrollo de diversos padecimientos digestivos como la gastritis, la úlcera péptica, lesiones premalignas como la gastritis atrófica y, en especial, el cáncer gástrico. El conocimiento obtenido en relación al Hp, en las últimas décadas, ha sido impresionante, ha revolucionado el campo de la gastroenterología y la cirugía gastrointestinal. Los científicos que lograron este descubrimiento fueron galardonados con el premio Nobel de Medicina en 2005, se trata de los Dres. Barry J. Marshall, gastroenterólogo y J. Robin Warren, patólogo.
Conclusión: El diagnóstico, identificación de la infección por Hp, tratamiento y seguimiento de los casos forma parte fundamental del protocolo de estudio del paciente con “gastritis” y/o enfermedad ácido-péptica. En relación al cáncer de estómago, la infección por Hp participa en la fisiopatología e inflamación crónica del tejido gástrico, así como en las lesiones premalignas tipo MALT.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Tytgat GN, Rauws EA. Significance of Campylobacter pylori. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1987; 1 Suppl 1: 527S-539S.

  2. Marshall BJ, Warren JR. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration. Lancet 1984; 1: 1311-5.

  3. Marshall B. Helicobacter connections. Chem Med Chem 2006; 1: 783-802.

  4. Helicobacter pylori: ulcers and more: the beginning of an era. J Nutr 2001; 131: 2789S-2793S.

  5. Maddocks AC. Helicobacter pylori (formerly Campylobacter pyloridis/pylori) 1986-1989: a review. J Clin Pathol 1990; 43: 353-6.

  6. NIH Consensus Conference. Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer disease. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer disease. JAMA 1994; 272: 65-9.

  7. Dubreuil JD, Giudice GD, Rappuoli R. Helicobacter pylori interactions with host serum and extracellular matrix proteins: potential role in the infectious process. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2002; 66: 617-29.

  8. Yamaoka Y, Kato M, Asaka M. Geographic differences in gastric cancer incidence can be explained by differences between Helicobacter pylori strains. Intern Med 2008; 47: 1077-83.

  9. Liu H, Ruskon-Fourmestraux A, Lavergne-Slove A, Ye H, Molina T, Bouhnik Y, et al. Resistance of t(11;18) positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Lancet 2001; 357: 39-40.

  10. Covacci A, Telford JL, Del Giudice G, Parsonnet J, Rappuoli R. Helicobacter pylori virulence and genetic geography. Science 1999; 284: 1328-33.

  11. Axon A. Helicobacter pylori: what do we still need to know? J Clin Gastroenterol 2006; 40: 15-9.

  12. Kato S, Sherman PM. What is new related to Helicobacter pylori infection in children and teenagers? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005; 159: 415-21.

  13. Imrie C, Rowland M, Bourke B, Drumm B. Is Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood a risk factor for gastric cancer? Pediatrics 2001; 107: 373-80.

  14. Parsonnet J, Shmuely H, Haggerty T. Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults. JAMA 1999; 282: 2240-5.

  15. Kabir S. Detection of Helicobacter pylori in faeces by culture, PCR and enzyme immunoassay. J Med Microbiol 2001; 50: 1021-9.

  16. Gerrits MM, van Vliet AH, Kuipers EJ, Kusters JG. Helicobacter pylori and antimicrobial resistance: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Lancet Infect Dis 2006; 6: 699-709.

  17. Tomb JF, White O, Kerlavage AR, Clayton RA, Sutton GG, Fleischmann RD, et al. The complete genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori. Nature 1997; 388: 539-47.

  18. Aguilar GR, Ayala G, Fierros-Zarate G. Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention. Salud Pública Mex 2001; 43: 237-47.

  19. Panchal PC, Forman JS, Blumberg DR, Wilson KT. Helicobacter pylori infection: pathogenesis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2003; 19: 4-10.

  20. Yamazaki S, Yamakawa A, Okuda T, Ohtani M, Suto H, Ito Y, et al. Distinct diversity of vacA, cagA, and cagE genes of Helicobacter pylori associated with peptic ulcer in Japan. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43: 3906-16.

  21. Suerbaum S, Michetti P. Helicobacter pylori infection. N Engl J Med 2002; 347: 1175-86.

  22. Tummala S, Keates S, Kelly CP. Update on the immunologic basis of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2004; 20: 592-7.

  23. Akhiani AA. The role of type-specific antibodies in colonization and infection by Helicobacter pylori. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2005; 18: 223-7.

  24. Backert S, Selbach M. Role of type IV secretion in Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis. Cell Microbiol 2008; 10: 1573-81.

  25. Odenbreit S, Puls J, Sedlmaier B, Gerland E, Fischer W, Haas R. Translocation of Helicobacter pylori CagA into gastric epithelial cells by type IV secretion. Science 2000; 287: 1497-500.

  26. Correa P. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2003; 12: 238s-241s.

  27. Graham DY, Opekun AR, Osato MS, El-Zimaity HM, Lee CK, Yamaoka Y, et al. Challenge model for Helicobacter pylori infection in human volunteers. Gut 2004; 53: 1235-43.

  28. Weeks DL, Eskandari S, Scott DR, Sachs G. A H+-gated urea channel: the link between Helicobacter pylori urease and gastric colonization. Science 2000; 287: 482-5.

  29. Kuipers EJ, Uyterlinde AM, Pena AS, Roosendaal R, Pals G, Nelis GF, et al. Long-term sequelae of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Lancet 1995; 345: 1525-8.

  30. Sabbi T, De Angelis P, Colistro F, Dall’Oglio L, di Abriola GF, Castro M. Efficacy of noninvasive tests in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric patients. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005; 159: 238-41.

  31. Czinn SJ. Helicobacter pylori infection: detection, investigation, and management. J Pediatr 2005; 146: S21-6.

  32. Vilaichone RK, Mahachai V, Graham DY. Helicobacter pylori diagnosis and management. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2006; 35: 229-47.

  33. Graham DY, Shiotani A. New concepts of resistance in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections. Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 5: 321-31.

  34. Owen RJ. Molecular testing for antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori. Gut 2002; 50: 285-9.

  35. Megraud F. H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing. Gut 2004; 53: 1374-84.

  36. Essa AS, Kramer JR, Graham DY, Treiber G. Meta-analysis: four-drug, three-antibiotic, non-bismuth-containing “concomitant therapy” versus triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Helicobacter 2009; 14: 109-18.

  37. Dehesa M, Larisch J, Dibildox M, Vega B, Di Silvio M, Rodríguez L, et al. [Comparison of 2 schedules based on pantoprazole for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with active duodenal ulcer]. Rev Gastroenterol Mex 1998; 63: 66-71.

  38. Makola D, Peura DA, Crowe SE. Helicobacter pylori infection and related gastrointestinal diseases. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007; 41: 548-58.

  39. Talley NJ, Richter J. Nobel Prize in Medicine awarded to a Gastroenterologist in 2005. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101: 211.

  40. Ueda H, Ito M, Tanaka S, Oka S, Takata S, Imagawa S, et al. The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy on gastric ulcer healing after endoscopic mucosal resection. J Clin Gastroenterol 2006; 40: 293-6.

  41. Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Loster B, Bielanski W, Guzik TJ, Konturek PC, Zapala J, et al. Implications of oral Helicobacter pylori for the outcome of its gastric eradication therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007; 41: 145-51.

  42. Rugge M, Genta RM. Staging and grading of chronic gastritis. Hum Pathol 2005; 36: 228-33.

  43. Mera R, Fontham ET, Bravo LE, Bravo JC, Piazuelo MB, Camargo MC, et al. Long term follow up of patients treated for Helicobacter pylori infection. Gut 2005; 54: 1536-40.

  44. Talley NJ, Fock KM, Moayyedi P. Gastric Cancer Consensus conference recommends Helicobacter pylori screening and treatment in asymptomatic persons from high-risk populations to prevent gastric cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 2008; 103: 510-4.

  45. Kwok T, Zabler D, Urman S, Rohde M, Hartig R, Wessler S, et al. Helicobacter exploits integrin for type IV secretion and kinase activation. Nature 2007; 449: 862-6.

  46. Shahabi S, Rasmi Y, Jazani NH, Hassan ZM. Protective effects of Helicobacter pylori against gastroesophageal reflux disease may be due to a neuroimmunological anti-inflammatory mechanism. Immunol Cell Biol 2008; 86: 175-8.

  47. Miyamoto M, Haruma K, Kuwabara M, Nagano M, Okamoto T, Tanaka M. High incidence of newly-developed gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese community: a 6-year follow-up study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008; 23: 393-7.

  48. Nordenstedt H, Nilsson M, Johnsen R, Lagergren J, Hveem K. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastroesophageal reflux in a population-based study (The HUNT Study). Helicobacter 2007; 12: 16-22.

  49. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, O’Morain C, Bazzoli F, El-Omar E, Graham D, et al. Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report. Gut 2007; 56: 772-81.

  50. Moayyedi P, Talley NJ. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Lancet 2006; 367: 2086-100.

  51. Chan FK, Leung WK. Peptic-ulcer disease. Lancet 2002; 360: 933-41.

  52. Chen TS, Lee YC, Li FY, Chang FY. Smoking and hyperpepsinogenemia are associated with increased risk for duodenal ulcer in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients. J Clin Gastroenterol 2005; 39: 699-703.

  53. Ahmad A, Govil Y, Frank BB. Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98: 975-86.

  54. Farinha P, Gascoyne RD. Helicobacter pylori and MALT lymphoma. Gastroenterology 2005; 128: 1579-605.

  55. Fox JG, Wang TC. Inflammation, atrophy, and gastric cancer. J Clin Invest 2007; 117: 60-9.

  56. Kountouras J, Zavos C, Chatzopoulos D, Katsinelos P. New aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection involvement in gastric oncogenesis. J Surg Res 2008; 146: 149-58.

  57. Pritchard DM, Crabtree JE. Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2006; 22: 620-5.

  58. Rad R, Prinz C, Schmid RM. Helicobacter pylori and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. Lancet Oncol 2006; 7: 364-5.

  59. Khushalani N. Cancer of the esophagus and stomach. Mayo Clin Proc 2008; 83: 712-22.

  60. Skellenger ME, Jordan PH, Jr. Complications of vagotomy and pyloroplasty. Surg Clin North Am 1983; 63: 1167-80.

  61. Jordan PH Jr. Surgery for peptic ulcer disease. Curr Probl Surg 1991; 28: 265-330.

  62. Jordan PH Jr. Rewards of a prospective study. J Am Coll Surg 1996; 183: 265-7.

  63. Sihler KC, Nathens AB. Management of severe sepsis in the surgical patient. Surg Clin North Am 2006; 86: 1457-81.

  64. Hatz R, Schildberg FW. Helicobacter pylori infections-are these diseases relevant for surgical treatment? Langenbecks Arch Surg 2000; 385: 75-83.

  65. Lee YT, Sung JJ, Choi CL, Chan FK, Ng EK, Ching JY, et al. Ulcer recurrence after gastric surgery: is Helicobacter pylori the culprit? Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93: 928-31.

  66. Chey WD, Wong BC. Practice Parameters Committee of the Amercian College of Gastroenterology. American College of Gastroenterology guideline on the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102: 1808-25.

  67. Vakil N, Megraud F. Eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 985-1001.

  68. Correa P, Houghton J. Carcinogenesis of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 659-72.

  69. Abdo-Francis JM, Uscanga L, Sobrino-Cossio S, Rivera-Ramos JF, Huerta-Iga F, Tamayo de la Cuesta JL. [III Mexican Consensus on Helicobacter pylori]. Rev Gastroenterol Mex 2007; 72: 323-38.

  70. Wilson KT, Crabtree JE. Immunology of Helicobacter pylori: insights into the failure of the immune response and perspectives on vaccine studies. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 288-308.

  71. Agarwal K, Agarwal S. Helicobacter pylori vaccine: from past to future. Mayo Clin Proc 2008; 83: 169-75.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com