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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2009, Número 1

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Rev Biomed 2009; 20 (1)


Sistemas de adquisición de hierro en Salmonella enterica

Drago-Serrano ME

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 70
Paginas: 41-54
Archivo PDF: 283.02 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo. Exponer los sistemas de adquisición de hierro descritos actualmente en Salmonella enterica cuyos componentes, en ciertos casos, están implicados en el crecimiento, sobrevivencia y virulencia bacteriana. Resultados. El hierro en forma de ión férrico (Fe3+) o ferroso (Fe2+) tiene un papel esencial como cofactor de enzimas involucradas en reacciones de óxido-reducción, vitales para bacterias enteropatógenas como Salmonella enterica. En fluidos biológicos, el hierro libre en forma iónica es tóxico; por ello, es secuestrado por transferrinas que disminuyen su disponibilidad para los requerimientos nutricionales de Salmonella enterica. Bajo condiciones restrictivas de hierro, Salmonella enterica secreta sideróforos endógenos o utiliza sideróforos exógenos para captar e incorporar Fe3+. Al formarse, los complejos ferrisideróforos se unen a receptores proteicos de la membrana bacteriana externa, para ser transportados al espacio periplásmic por el complejo transperiplásmico Ton, y después al citoplasma, por permeasas ABC de membrana citoplásmica. Salmonella enterica cuenta con otras permeasas de membrana interna para obtener cationes metálicos divalentes en una ruta sideróforo independiente; estas permeasas incluyen al transportador tipo ABC Feo para importar Fe2+ y a las permeasas de tipo ABC y Nramp1, SitABCD y MntH respectivamente, que actúan primariamente como transportadores de cationes manganeso (Mn2+) y en forma secundaria transportan Fe2+.


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