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ISSN 1405-8790 (Impreso)

2008, Número 3-4

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Rev Mex Med Fis Rehab 2008; 20 (3-4)


Entrenamiento del piso pélvico por biorretroalimentación comparado con los ejercicios de Kegel en el manejo de la incontinencia anal asociada a malformación anorrectal

Díaz ML, García CMC, Ortega SJA, Mata RN, Mora MI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 83-89
Archivo PDF: 54.19 Kb.


RESUMEN

La incontinencia anal se presenta en el 25% de los niños con malformación anorrectal representando un problema físico, psicológico y social. Los ejercicios de fortalecimiento del piso pélvico de Kegel (EK) y la biorretroalimentación (BRA) se han utilizado en el tratamiento de la incontinencia anal, urinaria, dolor y disfunción sexual. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la efectividad del entrenamiento del piso pélvico con BRA por electromiografía de superficie comparado con los EK en el manejo de la incontinencia anal asociada a malformación anorrectal. Se estudiaron diez pacientes pediátricos aleatorizados en dos grupos; uno recibió entrenamiento con BRA y otro con EK. Se realizó electromiografía de superficie, manometría rectal, examen de la musculatura perineal utilizando la escala de Laycock y graduación de la severidad de incontinencia al inicio y al final de 12 sesiones de tratamiento. En la comparación inicial – final de las variables evaluadas el grupo de BRA mostró mejoría en la escala de Laycock (p = 0.034) y en la severidad de incontinencia (p = 0.022). Ambos grupos mostraron mejoría en la manometría basal (p = 0.05). Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el sexo femenino y en menores de 5 años. Ambas modalidades de tratamiento mostraron ser efectivas para el manejo de la incontinencia. Es necesario unificar criterios de evaluación que permitan comparar resultados entre investigaciones y determinar la influencia de la etiología, la edad y el sexo en la obtención de buenos resultados.


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