López-de la Cruz I, Aguayo-González Á, López-Karpovitch X

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 60
Paginas: 424-431
Archivo PDF: 71.94 Kb.

RESUMEN

La talidomida, agente inmunomodulador y antiangiogénico, es útil en el tratamiento de enfermedades hematológicas y oncológicas. Los efectos adversos asociados al uso de talidomida son múltiples e incluyen bradicardia sinusal que se presenta hasta en 6.8% de los casos. En el presente estudio se informa la frecuencia de bradicardia asociada al uso de talidomida en pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas atendidos en una sola institución. En un lapso de 34 meses se encontró que 33 pacientes con diversos padecimientos hematológicos (mieloma múltiple [MM], 20; síndrome mielodisplásico, ocho; macroglobulinemia de Waldenström, dos; linfoma no Hodgkin, dos; histiocitosis maligna, uno) recibieron tratamiento con talidomida. De ellos, cinco (15.1%) presentaron bradicardia, todos con MM. La dosis de talidomida al momento de la bradicardia fue de entre 100 a 300 mg por día y el tiempo que recibieron el fármaco antes del evento osciló entre uno y 18 meses. El electrocardiograma mostró bradicardia sinusal en todos los casos con frecuencia cardiaca (FC) de entre 32 a 48 latidos por minuto. Suspendida la talidomida la FC se normalizó en todos los enfermos en un tiempo que osciló entre 12 a 21 días. Ninguno de los pacientes falleció por esta complicación. Se concluye que: a) la bradicardia asociada a talidomida se identificó sólo en pacientes con MM, b) la frecuencia de bradicardia en nuestra serie fue superior a la informada en otras y c) en MM el tratamiento con talidomida debe prescribirse con precaución en aquellos pacientes con algún padecimiento cardiovascular de cualquier etiología.

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