2008, Número 3
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Rev Inst Nal Enf Resp Mex 2008; 21 (3)
La displasia broncopulmonar y su tratamiento nutricional
Corpus ECR, Pérez-Guzmán C, García PSR, Gutiérrez-Mendoza I, Serna-Vela FJ, Góngora-Ortega J
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 235-240
Archivo PDF: 79.22 Kb.
RESUMEN
La displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) es el daño pulmonar que se produce como consecuencia de la utilización de la asistencia mecánica ventilatoria en el prematuro y es favorecido por las infecciones respiratorias. Es la primera causa de morbilidad respiratoria en el producto de pretérmino que sobrevive más allá de los 28 días de vida. El crecimiento en los niños con DBP es lento y es uno de los indicadores más importantes de su estado de salud. Durante la evolución de la enfermedad, las necesidades energéticas varían de acuerdo con la gravedad del paciente y aumentan del 25 al 50% en comparación con los lactantes sanos. Así, en los niños con DBP las necesidades calóricas pueden alcanzar 160-180 kcal/kg/día. El manejo nutricional de los niños con DBP se basa en limitar los hidratos de carbono y en incrementar el aporte proteico hasta aproximadamente 4 g/kg/día. Se recomienda también dar suplementos de vitaminas A, C y E, incluso inositol, suministrar suplementos de cobre, cinc, selenio y manganeso son de utilidad para el crecimiento.
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