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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2002, Número 5

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salud publica mex 2002; 44 (5)


Principales características y diagnóstico de los grupos patogenos de Escherichia coli

Rodríguez-Angeles G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 65
Paginas: 464-475
Archivo PDF: 72.98 Kb.


RESUMEN

Escherichia coli coloniza el intestino del hombre pocas horas después del nacimiento y se considera de flora normal, pero hay descritos seis grupos de E. coli productora de diarrea: enterotoxigénica (ETEC), enterohemorrágica (EHEC), enteroinvasiva (EIEC), enteropatógena (EPEC), enteroagregativa(EAEC) y de adherencia difusa (DAEC). La bacteria se puede aislar e identificar tradicionalmente con base en sus características bioquímicas o serológicas, pero también se pueden estudiar sus mecanismos de patogenicidad mediante ensayos en cultivos celulares o modelos animales y, más recientemente, empleando técnicas de biología molecular que evidencian la presencia de genes involucrados en dichos mecanismos. La intención del presente trabajo es resaltar la importancia del estudio y diagnóstico de E. coli como patógeno capaz de causar casos aislados o brotes de diarrea, síndrome urémico hemolítico, colitis hemorrágica y cuadros de disentería, principalmente en niños; por esto es necesario conocer mejor a la bacteria y mantener la vigilancia epidemiológica.


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