Rivera JA, Muñoz-Hernández O, Rosas-Peralta M, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Popkin BM, Willett WC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 162
Paginas: 208-237
Archivo PDF: 261.71 Kb.

RESUMEN

El Secretario de Salud convocó al Comité de Expertos para la elaboración de las “Recomendaciones sobre el consumo de bebidas para la población mexicana”; la finalidad fue desarrollar lineamientos basados en evidencia científica para los consumidores, los profesionales de la salud y el sector gubernamental. Las prevalencias de sobrepeso, obesidad y diabetes han aumentado con rapidez en México y las bebidas representan la quinta parte de la energía que consumen los mexicanos. La evidencia señala que las bebidas con aporte energético incrementan el riesgo de obesidad. Considerando los beneficios y riesgos para la salud y nutrición, así como el patrón de consumo de las bebidas en México, el Comité clasificó las bebidas en seis categorías de acuerdo con su contenido energético, valor nutricio y riesgos a la salud en una escala que clasifica las bebidas de la más (nivel 1) a la menos (nivel 6) saludable. Nivel 1: agua potable; nivel 2: leche baja en grasa (1%) y sin grasa y bebidas de soya sin azúcar; nivel 3: café y té sin azúcar; nivel 4: bebidas no calóricas con edulcorantes artificiales; nivel 5: bebidas con alto valor calórico y beneficios a la salud limitados (jugos de fruta, leche entera, licuados de fruta con azúcar o miel, bebidas alcohólicas y bebidas deportivas); y nivel 6: bebidas con azúcar y bajo contenido de nutrimentos (refrescos y otras bebidas con altas cantidades de azúcares agregadas como jugos, aguas frescas, café y té). El Comité recomienda el consumo de agua en primer lugar, seguido de bebidas sin o con bajo aporte energético y leche descremada. Éstas deben tener prioridad sobre las de mayor aporte energético o endulzadas, incluso con edulcorantes artificiales. Se presentan cantidades recomendadas para cada categoría de bebidas y se ilustran patrones de consumo saludable para adultos de ambos sexos.

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