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2008, Número S1

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Rev Mex Anest 2008; 31 (S1)


Perspectivas en bloqueo de nervios periféricos: Anestésicos locales en liposomas, necesitamos mepivacaína, se debe medir la presión intravaina, nuevo lápiz percutáneo que localiza y punciona

Zaragoza-Lemus G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 170-175
Archivo PDF: 181.69 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

1. MEDICIÓN DE LA PRESIÓN INTRAVAINA

La lesión nerviosa después de bloqueo de nervio periférico (BNP) es una complicación rara pero seria de la anestesia regional. La inyección no intencionada de anestésico local (AL) directamente dentro de un nervio (inyección intrafascicular) se ha reconocido como una causa posible de lesión nerviosa). El desarrollo de las técnicas de inyección y localización nerviosa difícilmente son confiables para prevenir la inyección intraneural. Dolor agudo lascinante, se ha sugerido como un posible signo de inminente inyección intraneural. Por estas razones se ha sugerido que los bloqueos no deben realizarse con el paciente intensamente sedado porque ellos no pueden percibir el dolor de la inyección hasta que ha ocurrido el daño. La inyección intraneural puede estar asociada con alta presión inicial de la inyección. Ésta puede ser medida con un manómetro lineal colocado antes de la jeringa (PG 5,000; PSI Tronics Technologies Inc, Tulare CA).


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Presión intravaina

  3. Claudio RE, Hadzic A, Shih H, et al. Injection pressures by anesthesiologists during simulated peripheral nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:201.

  4. Selander D, Sjostrand J. Longitudinal spread of intraneurally injected local anesthetics. An esperimental study of the initial neural distribution following intraneural injections. Acta Anesth Scand 1978;22:622-234.

  5. Hadzic A, Dilberovic F, Shah S, et al. Combination of intraneural injection pressure leads to severe fascicular injury and neurologic deficits in dogs. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:417-423.

  6. Sala-Blanch X, Pomes J, Matute P et al. Intraneural injection during anterior approach for sciatic nerve block. Anesthesiology 2004;101:1027-1030.

  8. Liposomas

  10. Rose JS, Neal JM, Kopacz DJ. Extended-duration analgesia: Update on microspheres and liposomes. Reg Anesth Pain Medicine 2005;30:275-285.

  11. Grant GJ, Barenholz Y, Bolotin EM, et al. A novel liposomal bupivacaine formulation to produce ultralong-acting analgesia. Anesthesiology 2004;101:133-137.

  12. Mowatt JJ, Mok MJ, MacLeod BA, Madden TD. Liposomal bupivacaine. Extended duration nerve blockade using large unilamellar vesicles that exhibit a proton gradient. Anesthesiology 1996;85:635-643.

  13. Mashimo T, Uchida I, Pak M, et al. Prolongation of canine epidural anesthesia by liposome encapsulation of lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1992;74:827-834.

  14. Grant GJ, Vermeulen K, Zakowski MI, et al. Prolonged analgesia and decreased toxicity with liposomal morphine in a mouse model. Anesth Analg 1994;79:706-709.

  15. Yu H, Shyh-Dar L, un P. Kinetic and dynamic studies of liposomal bupivacaine and bupivacaine solution after subcutaneous injection in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002;54:1221-1227.

  16. Boogaerts JG, Lafont ND, Declercq AG, et al. Epidural administration of liposome-associated bupivacaine for the management of postsurgical pain: A first study. J Clin Anesth 1994;6:315-320.

  18. Mepivacaína

  20. Strichartz GR, Sánchez V, Arthur GR, et al. Fundamental properties of local anesthetics. II. Measured octanol: buffer partition coefficients and pka values of clinically used drugs. Anesth Analg 1990;71:158-170.

  21. Rosenberg PH, Veering BTh, Urmey WF. Maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics: A multifactorial concept. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:564-575.

  23. Lápiz percutáneo

  25. Urmey W, Stanton J. Inability to consistently elicit a motor response following sensory paresthesia during interscalene block administration. Anesthesiology 2002;96:552-554.

  26. Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Claudio RE, et al. Electrical nerve localization: Effects of cutaneous electrode placement and duration of the stimulus on motor response. Anesthesiology 2004;100:1526-1530.

  27. Urmey W, Grossi P. Percutaneous electrode guidance (PEG): A noninvasive technique for pre-location of peripheral nerves to facilitate nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002;27:261-267.

  28. Urmey W, Grossi P. Percutaneous electrode guidance (PEG) and subcutaneous stimulating electrode guidance (SSEG): Modifications of the original technique. Letter to the Editor. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2003;28:253-255.

  29. Claudio RE, Hadzic A, Shih H, et al. Injection pressures by anesthesiologists during simulated peripheral nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:201.

  30. Selander D, Sjostrand J. Longitudinal spread of intraneurally injected local anesthetics. An esperimental study of the initial neural distribution following intraneural injections. Acta Anesth Scand 1978;22:622-234.

  31. Hadzic A, Dilberovic F, Shah S, et al. Combination of intraneural injection pressure leads to severe fascicular injury and neurologic deficits in dogs. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:417-423.

  32. Sala-Blanch X, Pomes J, Matute P et al. Intraneural injection during anterior approach for sciatic nerve block. Anesthesiology 2004;101:1027-1030.

  33. Rose JS, Neal JM, Kopacz DJ. Extended-duration analgesia: Update on microspheres and liposomes. Reg Anesth Pain Medicine 2005;30:275-285.

  34. Grant GJ, Barenholz Y, Bolotin EM, et al. A novel liposomal bupivacaine formulation to produce ultralong-acting analgesia. Anesthesiology 2004;101:133-137.

  35. Mowatt JJ, Mok MJ, MacLeod BA, Madden TD. Liposomal bupivacaine. Extended duration nerve blockade using large unilamellar vesicles that exhibit a proton gradient. Anesthesiology 1996;85:635-643.

  36. Mashimo T, Uchida I, Pak M, et al. Prolongation of canine epidural anesthesia by liposome encapsulation of lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1992;74:827-834.

  37. Grant GJ, Vermeulen K, Zakowski MI, et al. Prolonged analgesia and decreased toxicity with liposomal morphine in a mouse model. Anesth Analg 1994;79:706-709.

  38. Yu H, Shyh-Dar L, un P. Kinetic and dynamic studies of liposomal bupivacaine and bupivacaine solution after subcutaneous injection in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2002;54:1221-1227.

  39. Boogaerts JG, Lafont ND, Declercq AG, et al. Epidural administration of liposome-associated bupivacaine for the management of postsurgical pain: A first study. J Clin Anesth 1994;6:315-320.

  40. Strichartz GR, Sánchez V, Arthur GR, et al. Fundamental properties of local anesthetics. II. Measured octanol: buffer partition coefficients and pka values of clinically used drugs. Anesth Analg 1990;71:158-170.

  41. Rosenberg PH, Veering BTh, Urmey WF. Maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics: A multifactorial concept. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2004;29:564-575.

  42. Urmey W, Stanton J. Inability to consistently elicit a motor response following sensory paresthesia during interscalene block administration. Anesthesiology 2002;96:552-554.

  43. Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Claudio RE, et al. Electrical nerve localization: Effects of cutaneous electrode placement and duration of the stimulus on motor response. Anesthesiology 2004;100:1526-1530.

  44. Urmey W, Grossi P. Percutaneous electrode guidance (PEG): A noninvasive technique for pre-location of peripheral nerves to facilitate nerve block. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2002;27:261-267.

  45. Urmey W, Grossi P. Percutaneous electrode guidance (PEG) and subcutaneous stimulating electrode guidance (SSEG): Modifications of the original technique. Letter to the Editor. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2003;28:253-255.




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