Murillo-Rodríguez E, Arias-Carrión O

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 38
Paginas: 421-425
Archivo PDF: 103.56 Kb.

RESUMEN

La narcolepsia es un trastorno del sueño caracterizado por excesiva somnolencia diurna, transiciones prematuras de la vigila al sueño de movimientos oculares rápidos, alucinaciones hipnagógicas y cataplexia. Evidencias experimentales indican que la narcolepsia en humanos es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa asociada con la pérdida de neuronas hipocretinérgicas localizadas en el hipotálamo lateral. Además, se sabe que los pacientes narcolépticos presentan reducción significativa en la concentración de hipocretinas (HCRT) en el líquido cefalorraquídeo. Nuestro laboratorio ha generado un nuevo modelo experimental de narcolepsia en rata, que nos permite estudiar la enfermedad desde un enfoque histológico y neuroquímico. Hemos demostrado que la toxina hipocretina 2/saporina destruye selectivamente las neuronas hipocretinérgicas. Además, la pérdida de estas neuronas induce un cuadro conductual similar al observado en otros modelos experimentales o narcolepsia en humanos. En la presente revisión abordamos aspectos generales de la narcolepsia, del sistema hipocretinérgico, así como de los modelos experimentales de narcolepsia y el uso de los transplantes como alternativa para tratar la enfermedad.

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