medigraphic.com
Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2006, Número 4

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Med Int Mex 2006; 22 (4)


Manejo de la pancreatitis grave

Manuel Ruiz ÁM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 324-333
Archivo PDF: 227.02 Kb.


RESUMEN

La pancreatitis es una de las enfermedades gastrointestinales más comunes. Su forma aguda tiene un rango de gravedad variable, que va desde la pancreatitis con alivio espontáneo que requiere vigilancia hospitalaria, hasta la forma con progresión fulminante que se convierte en síndrome de disfunción orgánica múltiple, con o sin sepsis. Es necesario realizar un diagnóstico preciso en las primeras 48 horas para identificar a los pacientes en alto riesgo de sufrir pancreatitis aguda grave, con el fin de evitar complicaciones y reducir los índices de mortalidad.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. UK Working Party on Acute Pancreatitis. UK guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Gut 2005;(Suppl III):III1-III9.

  2. Yousaf M, MacCallion K, Diamond T. Management of severe acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 2003;90:407-20.

  3. Mayerle J, Simon P, Markus M, Lerch FRCP. Medical treatment of acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2004; 33:855-69.

  4. Malangoni MA, Martin AS. Outcome of severe acute pancreatitis. Am J Surg 2005;189:273-7.

  5. Avery B, Nathens J, Randall Curtis MPH, et al. Management of the critically ill patient with severe acute pancreatitis. Crit Care Med 2004;32:2524-36.

  6. Johnson CD, Abu-Hilal M. Persistent organ failure during the first week as a marker of fatal outcome in acute pancreatitis. Gut 2004;53:1340-4.

  7. Toouli J, Brook-Smith M, Bassi C, et al. IAP Guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002;(suppl 17):S15-S19.

  8. Flint R, Windsor JA. Early physiological response to intensive care as a clinically relevant approach to predicting the outcome in severe acute pancreatitis. Arch Surg 2004;139:438-43.

  9. Swaroop VS, Chari ST, Clain JE. Severe acute pancreatitis (Contempo Updates). JAMA 2004;291:2865-8.

  10. Le Mée J, Paye F, et al. Incident and reversibility of organ failure in the course of sterile or infected necrozing pancreatitis. Arch Surg 2001;136:1386-90.

  11. Nealon WH, Walser E. Surgical management of complications associated with percutaneous and/or endoscopic management of pseudocyst of the pancreas. Ann Surg 2005;241:948-60.

  12. Taylor Sl, Morgan DL, et al. A comparison of the Ranson, Glasgow, APACHE II scoring system to a multiple organic score in predicting patient outcome in pancreatitis. Am J Surg 2005;189:219-22.

  13. Baron TH, Morgan DE. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1999;340:1412-7.

  14. Steer ML, Waxman I, Freedman S. Chronic pancreatitis (medical progress). N Engl J Med 1995;332:1482-90.

  15. Buter A, Imrie CW, Carter CR, et al. Dynamic nature of early organ dysfunction determines outcomes in acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 2002;89:298-302.

  16. Buchler MW, Gloor B, Muller CA, et al. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis: treatment strategy according to the status of infection. Ann Surg 2000;232:619-26.

  17. Uhl W, Roggo A, Kirschstein T, et al. Influence of contrast-enhanced computed tomography on course and outcome in patients with acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 2002;24:191-7.

  18. Balthazar EJ, Freeny PC, van Sonnenberg E. Imaging and intervention in acute pancreatitis. Radiology 1994;193:297-306.

  19. Uhl W, Buchler MW, Malfertheiner P, et al. A randomized, double blind, multicentre trial of ocreotide in moderate to severe acute pancreatitis. Gut 1999;45:97-104.

  20. King NKK, Powell JJ, Redhead D, et al. A simplified method for computed tomographic estimation of prognostic in acute pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2003;38:433-6.

  21. Balthazar EJ. Acute pancreatitis assessment of severity with clinical and CT evaluation. Radiology 2002;223:603-13.

  22. Isenmann R, Rau B, Beger HG. Bacterial infection and extent of necrosis are determinants of organ failure in patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1999;86:1020-4.

  23. Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and sepsis shock. Crit Care Med 2004;32:858-73.

  24. Delcenserie R, Yzet T, Ducroix JP. Prophylactic antibiotics in treatment of severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis. Pancreas 1996;13:198-201.

  25. Isenmann R, Runzi M, Kron M, et al. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Gastroenterology 2004;126:997-1004.

  26. Nordback I, Sand J, Saaristo R, et al. Early treatment with antibiotics reduces the need for surgery in acute necrotizing pancreatitis-a single center randomized study. J Gastrointest Surg 2001;5:113-8.

  27. Pederzoli P, Bassi C, Vesentini S, et al. A randomized multicenter clinical trial of antibiotic prophylaxis of septic complications in acute necrotizing pancreatitis with imipenem. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1993;176:480-3.

  28. Sainio V, Kemppainen E, Poulakainen P, et al. Early antibiotic treatment in acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Lancet 1995;346:663-7.

  29. Schwartz M, Isenmann R, Meyer H, et al. Antibiotic use in necrotizing pancreatitis. Results of a controlled study (abstract). Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1997;122:356-61.

  30. Bassi C, Larvin M, Villatoro E. Antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis against infection of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis (Cochrane Methodology Review). Chichester: UK, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Cochrane Library, 2003.

  31. Kalfarentzos FE, Karavias DD, Karatzas TM, et al. Total parenteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis. J Am Coll Nutr 1991;10:156-62.

  32. Van Gossum A, Lemoyne M, Greig PD, Jeejeebjoy KN. Lipid-associated total parenteral nutrition in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1998;12:250-5.

  33. Buchman AL, Moukarzel AA, et al. Parenteral nutrition is associated with intestinal morphologic and functional changes in humans. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1995;19:453-60.

  34. Grant JP, James S, Gravowski V, Trexler KM. Total parenteral nutrition in pancreatic disease. Ann Surg 1984;200:627-31.

  35. McClave SA, Greene LM, Snider HL, et al. Comparison of the safety of early enteral vs parenteral nutrition in mild acute pancreatitis. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1997;21:14-20.

  36. Windsor AC, Kanwar S, Li AG, et al. Compared with parenteral nutrition, enteral feeding attenuates the acute phase response and improves disease severity in acute pancreatitis. Gut 1998;42:431-5.

  37. Kalfarentzos F, Kehagias J, Mead N, et al. Enteral nutrition is superior to parenteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis: results of a randomized prospective trial. Br J Surg 1997;84:1665-9.

  38. Eatock FC, Brombacher GD, Steven A, et al. Nasogastric feeding in severe acute pancreatitis may be practical and safe. Int J Pancreatol 2000;28:23-29.

  39. De Beaux AC, Carter DC, Palmer KR. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and acute pancreatitis. Gut 1996;38:799-800.

  40. Neoptolemos JP, Carr-Locke DL, London NJ, et al. Controlled trial of urgent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sphincterotomy versus conservative treatment for acute pancreatitis due to gallstone. Lancet 1998;ii:979-83.

  41. Fan ST, Lai EC, Mok FP, Lo CM, Zheng SS, Wong J. Early treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis by endoscopic papillotomy. N Engl J Med 1993;328:228-32.

  42. Nowak A, Nowaskwka-Dulawa E, Marek T, Rybicka J. Final results of the prospective randomized study on endoscopic sphincterotomy versus conventional management in acute biliary pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 1995;108:A380.

  43. Folsh UR, Nitsche R, et al. Early ERCP and papillotomy compared with conservative treatment for acute biliary pancreatitis. The German Study Group on Acute Biliary Pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1997;336:237-42.

  44. Allardyce DB. Incidence of necrotizing pancreatitis and factors related to mortality. Am J Surg 1987;154:295-9.

  45. Wilson C, McArdle CS, Carter DC, Imrie CW. Surgical treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1988;75;1119-23.

  46. Rau B, Pralle U, Mayer JM, Beger HG. Role of ultrasonographically guided fine-needle aspiration cylogy in the diagnosis of infected pancreatic necrosis. Br J Surg 1998;85:179-84.

  47. Isenmann R, Buchler MW. Infection and acute pancreatitis. Br J Surg 1994;81:179-84.

  48. Gerzof SG, Banks PA, Robbins AH, et al. Early diagnosis of pancreatic infection by computed tomography-guided aspiration. Gastroenterology 1987;93:1315-20.

  49. Dervenis C, Johnson CD, Bassi C, et al. Diagnosis, objective assessment of severity, and management of acute pancreatitis. Santorini consensus conference. Int J Pancreatol 1999;25:195-210.

  50. Mier J, Leon EL, Castillo A, Robledo F, Blanco R. Early versus late necrosectomy in severe necrotizing pancreatitis. Am J Surg 1997;173:71-75.

  51. Fernández del Castillo C, Rattner DW, Makary MA, et al. Debridement and closed packing for the treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis. Am J Surg 1998;228:676-84.

  52. Hugness ES, Robb BW, Seeskin C, et al. Early debridement for necrotizing pancreatitis: Is it worthwhile? Am J Surg 2002;194:740-5.

  53. Baron TH, Thaggard WG, Morgan DE, et al. Endoscopic therapy for organized pancreatic necrosis. Gastroenterology 1996;111:755-64.

  54. Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001;344:699-709.

  55. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1368-77.

  56. Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, et al. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fudrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA 2002;288:862-71.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com