Hernández-Saavedra D, McCord JM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
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RESUMEN

La evolución y desarrollo de los organismos que conocemos actualmente fueron posibles gracias al cambio y la adaptación de una atmósfera reductora hacia un ambiente oxidante. Los cambios adaptativos que han ocurrido nos muestran que se desarrollaron algunos procesos para aprovechar de manera más eficiente el ambiente oxidante. El más importante, sin duda, fue la eficiencia en la producción de energía en organismos aeróbicos. Algunos productos tóxicos de este proceso, conocidos como especies reactivas del oxígeno, tienen funciones deletéreas al modificar y dañar constituyentes estructurales o metabólicos de las células. Por este motivo, paralelamente, los procesos de adaptación evolutiva incluyeron la formación de compuestos antioxidantes para proteger a las células del daño oxidativo. Sin embargo, bajo ciertas circunstancias, estas especies reactivas del oxígeno pueden tener funciones paradójicas como la inducción de la proliferación y la muerte celular, como en el caso del cáncer y la apoptosis.

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