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2005, Número 1

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Rev Fac Med UNAM 2005; 48 (1)


Sepsis. Conceptos actuales (segunda de dos partes)

Carrillo ER, Carvajal RR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 24-29
Archivo PDF: 55.70 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

La sepsis es secundaria a infecciones que ocurren a cualquier nivel pero está más frecuentemente asociada a infecciones respiratorias, abdominales y bacteremias. En el estudio de vigilancia epidemiológica NNIS realizado entre enero de 1992 a julio de 1997 en 97 hospitales de los Estados Unidos se incluyeron 181,993 pacientes de 112 unidades de cuidados intensivos, de los cuales se registraron 14,177 infecciones siendo las más frecuentes: infección urinaria 31%, infección respiratoria 27%, bacteremia nosocomial 19%, lo cual representó el 77% de todas las infecciones nosocomiales. En el estudio europeo de prevalencia de infecciones en las que se incluyeron a 1,417 unidades de terapia intensiva de 17 países se incluyeron a 10,038 enfermos, las infecciones más frecuentes fueron: neumonía 46.9%, bronquitis 17.8%, infección urinaria 17.6% y bacteremia primaria 12%. Las bacterias Gram negativas y Gram positivas son responsables de cerca del 80% de los casos a nivel hospitalario y el resto a hongos, parásitos y virus.


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