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2006, Número 2

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Gac Med Mex 2006; 142 (2)


Impacto de la duración de la psicosis no tratada en pacientes con primer episodio psicótico. Estudio de seguimiento a un año

Apiquián-Guitart R, Fresán-Orellana A, García-Anaya M, Lóyzaga-Mendoza C, Nicolini-Sánchez H

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 70
Paginas: 113-120
Archivo PDF: 497.34 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: El retraso en la atención especializada conlleva a implicaciones pronósticas en los pacientes con trastornos psicóticos. La duración de la Psicosis No Tratada (DPNT) es un parámetro importante con valor pronóstico. Una DPNT larga se asocia con un peor pronóstico clínico.
Objetivo: Determinar la DPNT en un grupo de pacientes con primer episodio psicótico y determinar su influencia en los índices de recuperación y recaída a un año de seguimiento.
Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 66 pacientes en su primer episodio psicótico que agrupados en psicosis afectivas y no afectivas. El diagnóstico se efectuó con el SCAN. Se registró la DPNT y se evaluó la severidad de los síntomas psicóticos y afectivos con instrumentos validados en nuestro medio.
Resultados: Se observó mejoría sindromática global en los grupos diagnósticos. Los pacientes con DPNT larga presentaron menor ajuste psicosocial global y menor índice de recuperación. La suspensión del tratamiento fue el principal predictor de las recaídas.
Conclusiones: la DPNT es un importante factor asociado al pronóstico. El modelo de los estudios de detección temprana permite reducir el tiempo que tarda en tratarse la psicosis, e identificar oportunamente a los pacientes que han tenido el primer episodio psicótico.


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