2007, Número 1
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An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2007; 52 (1)
Incontinencia urinaria en mujeres del Distrito Federal
Velázquez-Magaña M, Aguirre-Ramos G, Álvarez-Valero R, Méndez-González JA, González-Cofrades J
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 26
Paginas: 14-21
Archivo PDF: 104.21 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria en mujeres mexicanas entre 20 y 80 años que viven en el Distrito Federal.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo. Se realizó en las 16 delegaciones políticas del Distrito Federal. Se empleó el cuestionario de la consulta internacional de la incontinencia urinaria en su forma corta (ICIQ-IU-SF) para estimar la prevalencia.
Resultados: El cuestionario se aplicó en 800 pacientes. La prevalencia promedio fue 46.5%. La incidencia es de 30.2% en el grupo de 20-29 años; después aumenta y muestra una meseta de 54% y 57.8% entre la población de 40-49 y 50-59 años, respectivamente, para luego incrementarse hasta 71.4% en el grupo de 70-79 años. Las enfermas con incontinencia urinaria presentan mayor índice de masa corporal (IMC) que las mujeres continentes (24.6 ± 4 kg/m
2 versus 27 ± 5.5 kg/m
2, p ‹ 0.001); también presentan mayor incidencia de sobrepeso y de obesidad. En el grupo de mujeres con incontinencia urinaria se registró mayor número de embarazos y de partos. En cambio, las mujeres nulíparas presentaron menor incidencia de incontinencia urinaria.
Conclusiones: La prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria en mujeres del Distrito Federal nos obliga a la búsqueda intencionada de esta patología para realizar el diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos.
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