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2007, Número 1

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Rev Hosp M Gea Glz 2007; 8 (1)


Estado actual de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico y su tratamiento quirúrgico

Bahena-Aponte JA, Moreno PM, Ortega LX, Pérez CRO, Guerrero BLE, Flores GF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 25-33
Archivo PDF: 241.37 Kb.


RESUMEN

La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) es un proceso patológico en el que se presenta reflujo del contenido gástrico hacia el esófago. La ERGE representa un problema de salud pública de etiología multifactorial. La prevalencia es del 2%, con predominio en el sexo femenino. Los factores de riesgo más importantes para el desarrollo de ERGE son hernia hiatal y una presión intraabdominal aumentada. El diagnóstico se realiza en base a la historia clínica y a estudios de gabinete que incluyen trago de bario, manometría esofágica, pHmetría de 24 horas (gold standard) y endoscopia. Otros métodos diagnósticos que se emplean cuando hay duda diagnóstica son la prueba de Berstein y la prueba de la supresión ácida. De forma global, la laparoscopia ha supuesto una disminución de las estancias hospitalarias y un menor tiempo de convalecencia, pero aun las tasas de complicaciones postoperatorias no son menores que las señaladas para los métodos abiertos.


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