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2022, Número 4

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Biotecnol Apl 2022; 39 (4)


Obención de nanopartículas de plata mediante síntesis verde y evaluación de sus actividades antifúngica y antibacteriana contra microorganismos patógenos de la piel

Bakdi H, Lenchi N, Kebbouche-Gana S, Eddine DN

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 40
Paginas: 4201-4208
Archivo PDF: 1869.84 Kb.


RESUMEN

La resistencia bacteriana a antibióticos es un problema de salud pública muy significativo. Por ello, las nanopartículas metálicas, entre ellas las de plata (AgNPs), los óxidos metálicos y los nanocarbonos, han emergido como alternativas. No obstante, para su síntesis se emplea químicos tóxicos y riesgosos. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo se sintetizó AgNPs mediante el método de síntesis verde con una técnica ecoamigable, a partir de extractos de hojas de olivo y eucalipto. Ambas plantas son de alta disponibilidad local, económicamente asequibles y ambientalmente seguras. Las AgNPs fueron caracterizadas mediante las técnicas de espectrometría ultravioleta visible (UV-vis), microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM), difracción de rayos X (XRD) y expectroscopía infrarroja de la transformada de Fourier (FTIR). El potencial antibacteriano y antifúngico se evaluó mediante el método de difusión en pocillo contra Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., Klebsiella pneumoniae y Candida albicans. También se formuló una crema aceite en agua para el uso terapéutico contra infecciones de la piel. El método de síntesis empleado permitió obtener nanopartículas, luego validadas validadas por el espectro de UV-vis. El análisis FTIR indicó que los polifenoles y las proteínas actúan como agentes estabilizantes y reductores durante la síntesis. El análisis SEM mostró AgNPs de morfología esférica. Se demostró que las partículas mostraron potencial para inhibir el crecimiento de levaduras y bacterias Gram positivas y negativas, con mayor efecto que la plata metálica. La crema formulada permite desarrollos famacéuticos futuros. Esta combinación de la nanotecnología más actual con la medicina tradicional brinda una oportunidad para desarrollar nuevos agentes antimicrobianos.


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