2023, Número 1
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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2023; 26 (1)
Control de fitopatógenos con extractos de biomasa de chile y de maíz
Jiménez-Ortega LA, Valdez-Baro O, Heredia-Bátiz JM, García-Estrada RS, Basilio HJ
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 1-11
Archivo PDF: 359.87 Kb.
RESUMEN
México es uno de los principales productores de chile y de maíz a nivel mundial. Actividad de la que se originan grandes cantidades
de biomasa y subproductos agrícolas, los cuales se pretende que sean valorizados para mitigar el daño al medio ambiente y generar
así un valor agregado. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener fitoquímicos con actividad antibacteriana y antifúngica de biomasa de
chile y de maíz contra fitopatógenos de importancia económica para la agricultura, al emplear métodos de extracción basados en
la química verde. Para la extracción de los fitoquímicos se dispuso de dos tipos de Disolventes Eutécticos Profundos (DES), y una
fermentación láctica con
Lactobacillus plantarum. Los extractos se evaluaron in vitro e
in vivo contra
Clavibacter michiganensis
subsp.
michiganensis, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, Ralstonia solanacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.
licopersici, Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea y Alternaria solani. Los resultados
in vitro demostraron que los extractos obtenidos con los DES
fueron efectivos contra las bacterias, a diferencia de las pruebas
in vivo que inhibieron el crecimiento de los hongos. El potencial
de los extractos de las biomasas contra los microorganismos fitopatógenos, las señala como una herramienta de biocontrol agrícola,
que asegura la sustentabilidad y se aprovecha el beneficio de los DES que son eficientes, biodegradables, inocuos, y con capacidad
de extracción de fitoquímicos antimicrobianos y antifúngicos.
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