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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2024, Número 06

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2024; 92 (06)


Vacuna nonavalente contra el virus del papiloma humano: una estrategia para prevenir el cáncer de cuello uterino

Anaya RAF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 267-273
Archivo PDF: 208.61 Kb.


RESUMEN

Antecedentes: El cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública debido a su alta incidencia. Su causa principal es el virus del papiloma humano trasmitido por contacto sexual. Una herramienta de prevención es la inmunización. En la actualidad existen tres vacunas; de ellas, la nonavalente es la más reciente.
Objetivo: Investigar la bibliografía reciente y describir los desenlaces con la aplicación de la vacuna nonavalente a pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino.
Metodología: Búsqueda de artículos en la base de datos Pubmed con el descriptor “nonavalente” y los términos MeSH “vacuna recombinante nonavalente contra el virus del papiloma humano”, “vacunas contra el virus del papiloma humano” y “cáncer de cuello uterino”; lo anterior con las reacciones adversas, efectividad y repercusión de la vacuna nonavalente contra el cáncer de cuello uterino.
Resultados: Se encontraron 107 artículos de los que se excluyeron 80 por duplicados, títulos confusos y resúmenes incompletos, sin aporte de datos referentes al estudio. Al final, solo se analizaron 27 fuentes.
Conclusiones: La vacuna nonavalente tiene alcance en contra de cinco genotipos de alto riesgo: más que otras vacunas. Es efectiva contra las enfermedades provocadas por el virus del papiloma humano, incluidas las neoplasias intraepiteliales cervicales y el cáncer de cuello uterino. Además, tiene un perfil de seguridad similar al de las vacunas predecesoras, aunque su efectividad está ligada a otros factores.


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