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ISSN 1561-302X (Impreso)

2022, Número 2

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Rev cubana med 2022; 61 (2)


Autoanticuerpos anti-insulina en la diabetes tipo 1

Kokuina E, Rozada GL, de la Nuez VM, Tamargo BTO, Infante AA, Dalas GM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 1-12
Archivo PDF: 320.97 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Los autoanticuerpos anti-insulina (AAI) representan un marcador serológico de la diabetes tipo 1 (DT1). El significado clínico de los AAI aún no ha sido determinado en la población cubana.
Objetivo: Determinar el valor clínico de AAI en pacientes con DT1.
Métodos: Se determinaron los niveles séricos de AAI por el ensayo inmuno-adsorbente ligado a enzima (ELISA) en 33 pacientes adultos con DT1, 78 pacientes con otras condiciones endocrinas (CEE) como diabetes tipo 2, tiroiditis de Hashimoto e hiperinsulinemia, y 49 controles normales (CN). El valor de corte se determinó con el análisis de las curvas características operativas del receptor (COR) (ROC por sus siglas en inglés). Se utilizaron pruebas no paramétricas para comparar los niveles de AAI de pacientes con DT1, CEE y CN, y determinar la correlación entre AAI y la edad.
Resultados: El valor de corte óptimo de AAI para DT1 fue el índice de 1,05, con sensibilidad de 45,5 %, especificidad de 81,6 %, razón de verosimilitud positiva de 2,47, y razón de verosimilitud negativa de 0,67. Los niveles de AAI en DT1 (índice de 0,97) fueron significativo, más altos que los de CN (índice de 0,70; p=0,020) y los de CEE (índice de 0,63; p= 0,009). Los niveles de AAI resultaron inversamente proporcionales a la edad en pacientes diabéticos ( =-0,252; p=0,030).
Conclusiones: Los pacientes con DT1 se distinguieron por niveles más altos de AAI, aunque la presencia de estos anticuerpos no fue exclusiva de DT1. Los niveles de AAI dependieron de la edad en los pacientes diabéticos.


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