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2022, Número 2

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2022; 28 (2)


Efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en hipertensos: revisión bibliográfica

Benavides RL, Guzmán-Muñoz E, Pugliesi AP, Zamuner AR, Alarcón M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 98
Paginas: 1-11
Archivo PDF: 512.23 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca es entendida como la variación de tiempo, entre los intervalos de las ondas R del electrocardiograma, y permite representar el funcionamiento del organismo ante determinados estímulos. A partir de esto, resulta relevante entender los efectos del entrenamiento de la fuerza sobre los parámetros del sistema cardiovascular, ya que se generan controversias en torno a la fisiología cardíaca, más aún, en personas con patología hipertensiva.
Objetivo: Identificar los efectos del entrenamiento de fuerza sobre la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en hipertensos.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las principales bases de datos Ebsco Host, Web of Science, Healt Medical Collection, Scopus y Medline, para identificar los artículos experimentales que se encontraban en los últimos 10 años. Se obtuvo 11 artículos, a partir de la combinación de las palabras clave: variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, entrenamiento de fuerza e hipertensión.
Resultados: Las investigaciones recolectadas hacen alusión a los cambios en las variables frecuenciales y temporales de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca, a través del entrenamiento de fuerza. Principalmente con los efectos agudos, aumenta la LF y disminuye la HF; mientras que, con los efectos crónicos, descienden los valores de LF y la relación LF/HF.
Conclusiones: Los datos del presente estudio reportan alteraciones de los parámetros de VFC con estímulos de fuerza en personas con hipertensión.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

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  53. Veloza L, Jiménez C, Quiñones D, Polanía F, Pachón-Valero L, Rodríguez-Triviño Y. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca como factor predictor de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Revista Colombiana de Cardiología. 2019;26(4):205-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccar.2019.01.006.

  54. Ewen S, Ukena C, Böhm M. Percutaneous Renal Denervation: new treatment option for resistant hypertension and more? Hypertension. 2013;99:1129-34. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2012-301725.

  55. Forechi L, Mill JG, Griep RH, Santos I, Pitanga F & Molina, MDC. Adherence to physical activity in adults with chronic diseases: ELSA-Brasil. Revista de saude publica. 2018;52:31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000215.

  56. Gambardella J, Morelli M, Wang X, Santulli G. Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of physical activity in hypertension. Journal of clinical hypertension Greenwich, Conn. 2020;22(2):291. DOI: https://doi.org.org/10.1111/jch.13804

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  58. Tebar WR, Rufino JC, Cruz Veras AS, Correia RR & Teixeira G R. Strength training for arterial hypertension treatment: a systematic review protocol. Physical Therapy Reviews. 2021;26(3):235-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10833196.2021.1894803.

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  60. Figueiredo T, Willardson J, Miranda H, Bentes C, Reis V, Simão R. Influence of load intensity on postexercise hypotension and heart rate variability after a strength training session. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2015;29(10):2941-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000954.

  61. Michael S, Graham K, Davis G. Cardiac autonomic responses during exercise and post-exercise recovery using heart rate variability and systolic time intervals—a review. Frontiers in physiology. 2017;8:301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00301.

  62. Gourine A, Ackland G. Cardiac vagus and exercise. Physiology. 2019;34(1):71-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00041.2018.

  63. Fadel P. Reflex control of the circulation during exercise. Scandinavian journal of medicine science in sports. 2015;25:74-82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.2.407.

  64. Landa-Ramírez E, de Jesús Arredondo-Pantaleón A. Herramienta PICO para la formulación y búsqueda de preguntas clínicamente relevantes en la psicooncología basada en la evidencia. Psicooncología. 2014;11(2):259-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_PSIC.2014.v11.

  65. Rodríguez-Núñez I, Rodríguez-Romero N, Álvarez A, Zambrano L, da Veiga GL & Romero F. Variabilidad del ritmo cardíaco en pediatría: aspectos metodológicos y aplicaciones clínicas. Archivos de Cardiología de México. 2021:1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24875/ACM.20000473

  66. García R, De Abreu KG. Comportamiento de la frecuencia cardíaca en Test Progresivos: algunas variables a considerar. Educación física Chile. 2009;(268):63-9.

  67. Lombardi F. Chaos theory, heart rate variability, and arrhythmic mortality. Circulation. 2000;101:8-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01 .

  68. Tegegne BS, Man T, van Roon AM, Riese H, Snieder H. Determinants of heart rate variability in the general population: The Lifelines Cohort Study. Heart Rhythm. 2018;15(10):1552-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.05.006.

  69. Márquez J, Garrido R, Chaves G, Mendo A. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca: investigación y aplicaciones prácticas para el control de los procesos adaptativos en el deporte. Revista iberoamericana de psicología del ejercicio y el deporte. 2018[acceso 21/12/21];13(1):121-30. Disponible en: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=311153534012.

  70. Singh N, Moneghetti KJ, Christle JW, Hadley D, Froelicher V & Plews D. Heart rate variability: an old metric with new meaning in the era of using mhealth technologies for health and exercise training guidance. part two: prognosis and training. Arrhythmia & electrophysiology review. 2018;7(4):247-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15420/aer.2018.30.2.

  71. White DW, Raven PB. Autonomic neural control of heart rate during dynamic exercise: revisited. The Journal of Physiology. 2014;592(12):2491–500. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2014.271858

  72. Grässler B, Thielmann B, Böckelmann I & Hökelmann A. Effects of different training interventions on heart rate variability and cardiovascular health and risk factors in young and middle-aged adults: A systematic review. Frontiers in physiology. 2021;12:1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.657274

  73. Droguett VSL, Santos AC, Medeiros CE, Marques DP, Nascimento LS, Brasileiro-Santos MS. Cardiac autonomic modulation in healthy el Derly after different intensities of dynamic exercise. Clin Interv Aging. 2015;10:203-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S62346.

  74. Gauche R, Lima RM, Myers J, Gadelha AB, Neri SG, Forjaz CL, et al. Blood pressure reactivity to mental stress is attenuated following resistance exercise in older hypertensive women. Clinical Interventions in Aging. 2017;12:793. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S130787.

  75. Porras-Alvarez J, Bernal-Calderón MO. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca: evaluación del entrenamiento deportivo. Revisión de tema. Duazary.2019;16(2):259-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21676/2389783X.2750.

  76. García-Manso JM. Aplicación de la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca al control del entrenamiento deportivo: análisis en modo frecuencia. Arch. de med. Deporte. 2013[acceso 15/10/2021];30(1):43-51. Disponoble en: https://hdl.handle.net/10553/75650.

  77. Rodas G, Pedret-Carballido C, Ramos J, Capdevila L. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca: Concepto, medidas y relación con aspectos clínicos (I). Arch. med. Deporte. 2008[acceso 15/10/2021];123(25):41-7. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46727114.

  78. Domínguez AB. Respuesta autónoma y su incidencia con el indicador de aptitud física, variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca y el VO2 Max en nadadores jóvenes sanos. Revista Científica Conecta Libertad. 2020[acceso 15/10/2021];4(1):60-74. Disponible en: http://revistaitsl.itslibertad.edu.ec/index.php/ITSL/article/view/117/326.

  79. Raffin J, Barthélémy JC, Dupré C, Pichot V, Berger M, Féasson, L, et al. Exercise frequency determines heart rate variability gains in older people: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Sports Medicine. 2019;49(5):719-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01097-7.

  80. Fisher JP. Autonomic control of the heart during exercise in humans: role of skeletal muscle afferents. Experimental Physiology. 2013;99(2):300–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/expphysiol.2013.074377.

  81. Michelini LC, O'Leary DS, Raven PB, Nóbrega AC. Neural control of circulation and exercise: a translational approach disclosing interactions between central command, arterial baroreflex, and muscle metaboreflex. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology. 2015;309(3):381–92. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00077.2015.

  82. Fernández VA, Vargas SC, Rodríguez S, Umaña D, Ramírez A. Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca como indicador de la actividad del sistema nervioso autónomo: implicaciones en el ejercicio y patologías. Revista Médica de la Universidad de Costa Rica. 2017[acceso 15/10/2021];11(1):48-64. Recuperado de: https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/medica/article/view/30490/30415.

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