Perrotta G

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 41-59
Archivo PDF: 250.83 Kb.

RESUMEN

Antecedentes: La "telemedicina" se origina de la combinación de las nuevas tecnologías de comunicación con las modalidades tradicionales de examen médico personal, configurando así un nuevo servicio.
Metodología: Se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos, metaanálisis y estudios controlados aleatorizados en Pubmed publicados hasta el 30 de marzo de 2023.
Resultados: Para efectos de este estudio, se revisaron en total 62 artículos. En neonatología y pediatría existe un aumento en la última década, especialmente en Italia, de las actividades de consulta de telemedicina a distancia (a través de mensajería, televisiting, telemonitorización, coaching, y telesalud), sobre todo en términos de seguimiento; sin embargo, estas ventajas se enfrentan a una serie de limitaciones: a) falta de conocimiento técnico de las herramientas utilizadas para la telemedicina aplicada; ba) costos de soporte, operación y mantenimiento de la red instrumental material; cac) distorsiones cognitivas subjetivas del usuario y/o su familia, relacionadas con la complicación o inutilidad de las nuevas tecnologías en comparación con los métodos tradicionales de consulta y prestación de asistencia sanitaria; dad) no aplicabilidad de las nuevas medidas tecnológicas relacionadas con la telemedicina en el caso de visitas médicas que requieran contacto físico; aee) la mayor parte de los estudios publicados muestran errores estructurales en la fase de construcción del diseño de investigación, viciando de hecho el resultado final, como ocurre en las hipótesis de muestra poblacional reducida o insuficiente en cuanto a representatividad, conflicto de intereses respecto a las hipótesis de publicidad de la herramienta informática específica ideada y utilizada por los investigadores, y cuestionarios de satisfacción de dudosa utilidad estadística.
Conclusiones: Surgen evidencias significativas de la importancia de la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías de la información al servicio de la medicina, aunque con varias criticidades prácticas, para garantizar la eficiencia, eficacia y calidad del servicio de salud, tanto en lo que se refiere al contexto social como económico, para los servicios de Neonatología y Pediatría.

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