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Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán

2024, Número 1

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Rev Biomed 2024; 35 (1)


Revisión crítica de los ensayos clínicos publicados sobre la suplementación con vitamina D

Vázquez-Castillo G, Murillo-Uribe A, Huchim-Méndez O, Coral-Cárdenas R, Méndez-Domínguez N

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 75
Paginas: 36-50
Archivo PDF: 248.93 Kb.


RESUMEN

La vitamina D se suplementa en individuos con o sin factores de riesgo de deficiencia, aun cuando sus efectos a dosis y frecuencia específicos son controvertidos. En consecuencia, nos planteamos el objetivo de revisar exhaustivamente los efectos de la suplementación con vitamina D en los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados en pacientes adultos, agrupados por sistema blanco y a los criterios de valoración establecida en los objetivos. En la búsqueda se incluyeron los ensayos clínicos publicados en los últimos 5 años en PubMed y EBSCO, con las palabras clave “vitamina D suplementación” y “efecto”, en inglés o español, excluyendo a los participantes ‹19 años. Como resultado, la búsqueda inicial arrojó 91 resultados de dos bases de datos, de ellos 71 incluidos. Un total de 24 artículos publicaron un efecto significativo de la suplementación de vitamina D. Los efectos significativos se identifican en 3 de 4 estudios en pacientes posmenopáusicas sobre la densidad ósea y/o fortalecimiento del sistema musculoesquelético. Otros efectos significativos se observaron con la suplementación en pacientes con índice de masa corporal elevada, en el control de la glucosa y los niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada. En conclusión, los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados muestran efectos significativos en diferentes órganos y sistemas. El efecto sobre el control glucémico es prometedor aun cuando existen grupos humanos sobrerrepresentados.


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